2022~2023学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测
高二英语试题
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(共15小题, 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文, 从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Londoners love a market. It’s the combination of eating, chatting and browsing. Lovely stuff. Locals and tourists continue to rush to the capital’s best stalls and these days there’s a huge range of markets across London. Below you’ll find the very best markets in London.
Borough Market
Next to London Bridge this food market has existed in some form since at least 1014. It’s now best known as a foodie’s paradise where Londoners come to buy top-quality meats, fish, fruit and veg, fresh-baked bread, cakes and sweet treats, oils and vinegar, and pretty much anything else they desire. Borough Market is open Monday to Saturday, with Saturday the busiest day.
Broadway Market
Since being reopened in 2004, this Hackney street market has become attractive to fashion lovers. It is packed every Saturday from 9a.m. to 5p.m. with arty students and East End creative types filling their tote bags with organic groceries, vintage clothes, fresh flowers, coffee, books and unusual handmade gifts.
Portobello Road Market
Portobello Road Market is really five markets in one, with different sections dedicated to second-hand goods, clothing and fashion, household essentials. You’ll find the greatest range of antiques stalls on Saturdays.
Brick Lane Market
The streets of East London’s Brick Lane are lined with stalls selling anything and everything on Sundays. You can find bargain fruit and veg, and electrical products, but this market’s Unique Selling Point is its unpredictability: You could bag a second-hand bargain, or spend hours sifting (挑选) through inexpensive goods.
1. What is special about Borough Market?
A. Its convenient location. B. Its excellent food.
C. Its length of open hours. D. Its range of goods.
2. Which day is the best day for most markets?
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Saturday. D. Sunday.
3. If you want to find something unexpected, which market should you go?
A. Borough Market. B. Broadway Market.
C. Portobello Road Market. D. Brick Lane Market.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦的四个市场。
1.细节理解题。根据Borough Market中“It’s now best known as a foodie’s paradise where Londoners come to buy top-quality meats, fish, fruit and veg, fresh-baked bread, cakes and sweet treats, oils and vinegar, and pretty much anything else they desire.(现在伦敦人都知道这里是吃货的天堂，他们在这里购买最优质的肉、鱼、水果和蔬菜、新鲜出炉的面包、蛋糕和甜食、油和醋，以及几乎所有他们想吃的东西)”可知，Borough Market的特别之处是它美味的食品。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据Borough Market中“Borough Market is open Monday to Saturday, with Saturday the busiest day.(博罗市场周一至周六营业，周六是最繁忙的一天)”、Broadway Market中“It is packed every Saturday from 9a.m. to 5p.m. (每周六上午9点开始就挤满了人)”和Portobello Road Market中“You’ll find the greatest range of antiques stalls on Saturdays.(星期六你会发现各种各样的古董摊位)”可知，星期六对四个市场中的三个来说都是最好的一天。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据Brick Lane Market中“You can find bargain fruit and veg, and electrical products, but this market’s Unique Selling Point is its unpredictability: You could bag a second-hand bargain, or spend hours sifting (挑选) through inexpensive goods.(你可以买到便宜的水果、蔬菜和电器产品，但这个市场的独特卖点是它的不可预测性：你可以买到二手便宜货，或者花几个小时筛选便宜的商品)”可知，在Brick Lane Market你可以找到意想不到的东西。故选D项。
B
George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and on. However, it was supplemented (增补) by intense home study so that by 1892. he was teaching in a public school, and later attending Antioch College.
In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.
He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel’s example, Shull obtained purebred (纯种的) lines of corn through self-pollination (自花受粉). The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.
4. What does the underlined part “off and on” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Not surprisingly. B. Very formally. C. Very excellently. D. Not regularly.
5. What’s paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. George Shull’s contributions. B. George Shull’s research
C. George Shull’s work experience. D. George Shull’s education.
6. What was so special about Shull’s method of corn breeding?
A. It completely relied on self-pollination. B. It was first published in Genetics.
C. It was widely accepted in Ohio. D. It focused on crossing pure-bred lines.
7. How does the author mainly develop the text?
A. By giving examples. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting a scientific study.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名植物学家George Shull的学习和工作经历以及重要成就。
4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Being needed on the farm”(被农场需要)可知，George Shull小时候需要做农活，所以无法正常接受正规教育。所以off and on意为“断断续续地，时不时地”。故选D。
5.主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium.”(凭借他的植物学知识和农业实践经验，Shull通过了公务员考试，并被任命为美国国家植物标本馆的植物学助理。)和最后一句“And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.”(1904年，他被任命负责实验进化站的植物工作。)可知，第二段主要是讲George Shull的工作经历。故选C。
6.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.”(纯种品种的健康和产量都较差，但当他杂交纯种品种时，杂交品种的产量比任何亲本或在开阔田野授粉的亲本都好。他立即意识到利用这种策略提高作物产量的潜力。)可知，Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注杂交纯种品种。故选D。
7.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age.”(George Shull在1874年出生于奥比奥州克拉克县的一个农场，他早年就对植物和杂交作物有了了解。)，第二段第一句“In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work.”(1901年，他从安提阿大学毕业，到芝加哥大学攻读研究生学位。)，第三段第一句“He began working on corn in 1905.”(1905年，他开始研究玉米。)，第四段第一句“In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University.”(1915年，Shull接受了普林斯顿大学的教授职位。)和最后一段“Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.”(Shull于1942年退休。他和妻子晚年的大部分时间都是和儿孙们在一起度过的。)可知，这篇文章是按照时间顺序组织的。故选B。
C
The earliest discovered cave paintings date back to the Upper Paleolithic (旧石器) period. We might expect that they would be simply made, but the cave paintings of Spain and southern France show a high degree of skill. So do the cave paintings in southern Africa. Some of those appear to have been painted as much as 28,000 years ago, which suggests that painting in Africa is as old as painting in Europe. The early Australians may have painted on the walls of rock shelters at least 30,000 years ago.
The researchers identified three principal locations of paintings in the caves of western Europe: in obviously inhabited rock shelters and cave entrances; in galleries near the inhabited areas of caves; and in the inner reaches of caves, whose difficulty of access has been interpreted as a sign that magical-religious activities were performed there.
The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no decoration. Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely found in cave art. Another explanation for the focus on animals might be that these people sought to improve their luck at hunting.
The particular symbolic significance of the cave paintings in southwestern France is more clearly revealed by the results of a study. The data suggest that the animals in the cave paintings were mostly the ones that the painters preferred for meat. For example, wild cattle and horses are found more often than we would expect by chance, probably because they were larger and heavier (meatier) than other animals in the environment. In addition, the paintings mostly draw animals that the painters may have feared the most because of their size, speed, natural weapons such as horns. That is, mammoths (猛犸) are drawn more often than deer.
8. What do we know about cave painting in Europe?
A. It is as much as 28,000 years old.
B. It is much more than 30,000 years old.
C. It is much older than painting in Australia.
D. It is older than painting in southern Africa.
9. What makes people think certain paintings were connected with magical-religious activities?
A. The paintings were in cave entrances.
B. The paintings were in hard-to-reach places.
C. The paintings were obviously more attractive.
D. The paintings were similar to those in galleries.
10. Why are human figures rarely found in the cave painting?
A. Human figures could improve their hunting luck.
B. Human figures were too difficult to draw at that time.
C. The drawings of human figures were believed to cause death.
D. The drawings of human figures differ from those of contemporary people.
11. Which best represents hunters’ attitude to deer in the Upper Paleolithic period?
A. Hunters did not fear deer as much as mammoths.
B. Hunters didn’t hunt deer because of their size and speed.
C. Hunters avoided deer because of their natural weapons.
D. Hunters preferred deer’s meat to those of other animals.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旧石器时期的洞穴绘画。
8.细节理解题。根据第一段“The earliest discovered cave paintings date back to the Upper Paleolithic (旧石器) period. We might expect that they would be simply made, but the cave paintings of Spain and southern France show a high degree of skill. So do the cave paintings in southern Africa. Some of those appear to have been painted as much as 28,000 years ago, which suggests that painting in Africa is as old as painting in Europe.(最早发现的洞穴绘画可追溯到旧石器时代晚期。我们可能会认为它们只是简单的制作，但西班牙和法国南部的洞穴画显示了高度的技巧。南部非洲的洞穴画也是如此。其中一些似乎早在2.8万年前就已经画好了，这表明非洲的绘画和欧洲的绘画一样古老)”可知，欧洲的洞穴绘画有2.8万年的历史。故选A。
9.细节理解题。根据第二段“and in the inner reaches of caves, whose difficulty of access has been interpreted as a sign that magical-religious activities were performed there.(在洞穴的内部，进入洞穴的困难被解释为那里进行了神奇的宗教活动)”可知，一些绘画被认为和神奇的宗教活动有关系，是因为这些绘画在很难进入的地方。故选B。
10.细节理解题。根据第三段“Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely found in cave art.(也许，像许多当代人一样，旧石器时代晚期的人们相信，绘制人像可能会导致死亡或受伤，如果这是他们的信仰，这也许可以解释为什么洞穴艺术中很少发现人像)”可知，洞穴艺术中很少发现人像是因为那个时候的人们相信，绘制人像可能会导致死亡。故选C。
11.推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition, the paintings mostly draw animals that the painters may have feared the most because of their size, speed, natural weapons such as horns. That is, mammoths (猛犸) are drawn more often than deer.(此外，这些画作大多描绘了画家们最害怕的动物，因为它们的体型、速度和角等天然武器。也就是说，猛犸象比鹿更常被画)”可知，画家们不是像害怕猛犸象那样害怕鹿。故选A。
D
Soot (煤) pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica, a new study suggests, raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit.
“It really makes us question, is our presence really needed?” says Alia Khan, one of the authors of the new study. “We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica, which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”
Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels. Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮), vehicles and airplanes, although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe. The dark particles (微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day. The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting that was already happening more quickly because of global warming.
When snow and ice are uncovered, they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat. “These are the mirrors on our planet,” says Sonia Nagorski, a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast. “When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits, they don’t send back that much light and heat. That means more heat is trapped on Earth, speeding up melting and contributing to global warming.”
As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year, Khan says she is troubled by her own research results. On the one hand, she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing. “But then when we come to conclusions like this it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent,” she says, “and what kind of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric, for example, or limiting the number of visitors each year.
12. What is Khan’s attitude towards human actions in Antarctica according to paragraph 2?
A. Angry and abusive. B. Cold and uninterested.
C. Doubtful and anxious. D. Admiring and delighted.
13. What is the main cause of soot pollution in Antarctica?
A. The quick melting of ice and snow. B. The emission from virous transport.
C. The remaining parts of burning plants. D. The floating gases from other continents.
14. What do we know from Nagorski?
A. The covered ice is less reflective.
B. The melting speed of ice is slower than before.
C. The dark blanket serves as a big mirror.
D. The sunlight gets increasingly stronger recently.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What made our planet so polluted? B. Who is to blame for air pollution?
C. Can electric vehicles save tourism? D. Are we welcome to the South Pole?
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对南极洲的频繁考察，导致煤烟污染加速了南极洲气温的上升，加速了冰雪融化，人们对此情况反思，该如何降低对南极洲的考察频率从而减少对南极洲生态环境的破坏。
12.推理判断题。根据第二段““It really makes us question, is our presence really needed?” says Alia Khan, one of the authors of the new study. “We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica, which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”(“这真的让我们质疑，我们的存在真的需要吗？”这项新研究的作者之一Alia Khan说。“我们在南极洲有相当大的黑碳足迹，这正在促进冰雪融化。”)”可知，Alia Khan的疑问可以看出他对人们去南极洲考察这一事实表示怀疑，而且他看到了人们到访南极洲产生的碳足迹使南极洲的冰雪融化，这让他感到焦虑。故选C项。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮), vehicles and airplanes, although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe.(南极洲的烟尘主要来自游轮、车辆和飞机的废气，尽管一些污染是从世界其他地区随风传播的。)”可知，南极洲煤烟的主要来源就是人们所使用的交通工具。故选B项。
14.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When snow and ice are uncovered, they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat. “These are the mirrors on our planet,” says Sonia Nagorski, a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast.(当雪和冰被揭开时，它们会在阳光变成热量之前反射大量的阳光。“这些是我们星球上的镜子，”阿拉斯加东南大学的科学家索尼娅·纳戈尔斯基（Sonia Nagorski）说。)”可以推断，冰雪被煤烟覆盖后，其反射阳光的效果就会降低。故选A项。
15.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Soot pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica, a new study suggests, raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit..(一项新的研究表明，煤烟污染正在加速南极洲的气候融化，这引发了人们对如何保护这片脆弱的大陆免受越来越多的想要到访那里的人的影响的问题。)”可知，人们在去南极洲考察的同时，却破坏了南极洲的生态环境，所以该文主要分析的是我们人类有必要去南极洲考察吗？故选D项。
第二节(共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
By 2050 we’ll be able to send memories, emotions and feelings across the Internet. ____16____
Teenagers will love it. Instead of putting an emoticon(表情符号)at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.
I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really. We’ll still communicate the traditional way.
____17____ Our children will wonder: What is a keyboard? We will enter the age of the ”brain net".
Medicine will develop fast, too. ____18____, and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly. We won’t fear it like we used to. Technology will help in this respect. ____19____ Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies to discover cancer cells. Smart objects like phones will check us over automatically.
____20____. By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs(器官)of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, well replace them.
That’s all coming. And it doesn’t take much imagination to realise it.
A. We will do a few tests
B. People will live an easy life
C. We will have cured certain forms of cancer
D. Brain science will have changed communication
E. We can already use human cells to grow skin, noses, ears, etc
F. But communicating telepathically will avoid misunderstandings between people
G. Our clothes will discover the beginnings of a heart disease, and advise us to get treatment
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. E
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。从几个方面讲述了未来的生活。
16根据下文“Instead of putting an emoticon (表情符号) at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.（不再在每句话的末尾加上表情符号，他们会直接使用感情交流：比如说生气、开心和激动。）”可知，空后提出了未来的交流方式，故D项“脑科学将会改变交流的方式。”符合，空后说明具体的直接情感交流的方式，故选D项。
17根据本段首句“I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really.（真的，我说的是心灵感应。）”可知，本段主要介绍了未来通过心灵感应来交流的方式。且空前“We’ll still communicate the traditional way.”（我们仍然会用传统的方式交流。）可知，此空与空前构成转折关系，故F项“但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会”符合，尽管我们会用传统的方式交流，但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会，故选F项。
18根据本段首句内容“Medicine will develop fast, too.”（医疗也会得到快速的发展。）可知，本段主要介绍未来医疗方面的发展。根据下文“and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly.”（并且我们会像对待常见的感冒一样对待癌症，我们会和它一起生活，它也不再是致命的。）可知，空处应承接前文，讲述医疗的发展对我们的好处。选项C.“我们将治愈某些癌症”，符合题意，故选C。
19根据空前“Technology will help in this respect.”（科技在这方面能起到一定的作用。）空后“Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies (液体活检) to discover cancer cells.”（智能马桶能通过液体活检来发现尿液中含有的癌细胞。）可知，空前提到科技在医疗方面会有所帮助，空后举出具体的例子，故G项“我们的衣服会发现心脏病的开始，并建议我们去治疗。”符合，举出另一个相关的例子，故选G项。
20根据空后“By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs (器官) of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, we’ll replace them.”（到2050年，我认为我们将能够生长很多重要的器官，而不再是任由我们的器官变旧变虚弱，我们可以自行替代这些旧的器官。）可知，本段主要讲述在未来我们可以自己生长器官，故E项“我们已经可以能通过细胞来生长皮肤、鼻子、耳朵等等。”符合，故选E项。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
The word “happy” would lose its meaning if it were not balanced by hardship. The circular motion between happiness and ____21____ is the one I’ve been dealing with lately.
A year ago, I developed troubling symptoms in my left ____22____. My husband sent me ____23____ to a specialist who said I had already suffered some everlasting loss of vision and would, without ____24____, go blind in that eye within months. And I urgently ____25____ to begin painful eye injections. Almost blind? Painful eye injections? I was ____26____. What if the ____27____ medicine didn’t work? What if my right eye developed the same condition? I ____28____ thought that, amazingly, the medicine was only three years old; before that, patients just went blind.
Over that long week, I ____29____ myself to casually ____30____ sadness, to cry and acknowledge my fears about my very fragile body. I ____31____ to be near anybody but my husband. Fortunately, I ____32____ pretty quickly, within the week. During this ____33____ time, I posted my ____34____ in my blog and received great care and support from friends online, which filled my heart with ____35____ and encouraged me to receive the eye injections. Besides, the doctor ____36____ the efficacy ( 功 效 ) of the medicine. In the end, I bravely received the eye injections and they were very successful. I was lucky enough to see the world again with my healthy eye.
Finally, I gained a ____37____ insight: being your happiest self isn’t equal to a lifetime of ____38____ skies, and we are bound to ____39____ storms of life. Knowing this can help us ____40____ difficulties optimistically and adapt to the change of life.
21. A. loneliness B. tiredness C. sadness D. greatness
22. A. eye B. arm C. leg D. ear
23. A. suddenly B. carelessly C. secretly D. immediately
24. A. luck B. treatment C. apology D. discussion
25. A. needed B. expected C. managed D. congratulated
26. A. in relief B. in anger C. in peace D. in panic
27. A. new B. traditional C. strong D. folk
28. A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. mistakenly
29. A. prevented B. encouraged C. forced D. permitted
30. A. lay down B. hold back C. fall into D. meet with
31. A. desired B. promised C. refused D. attempted
32. A. gave in B. cheered up C. gave up D. broke down
33. A. terrible B. sweet C. spare D. precious
34. A. project B. challenge C. performance D. choice
35. A. guilt B. pride C. hope D. upset
36. A. blamed B. analyzed C. investigated D. guaranteed
37. A. wrong B. common C. funny D. valuable
38. A. sunny B. cloudy C. rainy D. snowy
39. A. disturb B. experience C. forget D. assign
40. A. admit B. exchange C. face D. have
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述的是作者由于自己患病——左眼可能永久性失明，在经历了恐惧，害怕之后，作者将自己遇到的挑战上传至网上，得到了网友的支持和鼓励。同时最后让作者明白的是：快乐不等于一直是晴空，我们一定会经历人生的风暴。了解这一点可以帮助我们乐观地面对困难，适应生活的变化。
21考查名词词义辨析。句意：快乐和悲伤之间的循环运动是我最近一直在处理的问题。A. loneliness孤独；B. tiredness疲劳；C. sadness悲伤；D. greatness伟大。根据前文“The word “happy” would lose its meaning if it were not balanced by hardship.”可知，幸福和艰难之间的平衡，故此处强调快乐和悲伤的循环。故选C。
22考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年前，我的左眼出现了令人不安的症状。A. eye眼睛；B. arm胳膊；C. leg腿；D. ear耳朵。根据后文的“I had already suffered some everlasting loss of vision”可知，作者是眼睛受伤了。故选A。
23考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的丈夫立即把我送到了一位专家那里，他说我已经出现了一些永久性的视力丧失，如果不进行治疗，那只眼睛将在几个月内失明。A. suddenly突然地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即地。根据前文“A year ago, I developed troubling symptoms in my left ____2____”可知，作者的眼睛受伤了，她的丈夫立即地把她送到医院。故选D。
24考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. luck运气；B. treatment治疗；C. apology道歉；D. discussion讨论。根据下文的“begin painful eye injections”治疗方案相对应。故选B。
25考查动词词义辨析。句意：我急需开始给眼睛打针。A. needed需要；B. expected期待；C. managed管理，处理；D. congratulated庆祝。根据后文的“begin painful eye injections.”可知，我需要开始给眼睛打针。故选A。
26考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我很恐慌。如果新药不起作用怎么办？A. in relief欣慰；B. in anger愤怒；C. in peace和平；D. in panic恐慌。根据前文的“Almost blind? Painful eye injections?”可知，是作者感觉到非常的恐慌。故选D。
27考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. new新的；B. traditional传统的；C. strong强壮的；D. folk民俗的。根据后文的“the medicine was only three years old”可知，作者即将使用的是新药。故选A。
28考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊奇的是，我常常想，这种药只有三年的历史；在那之前，病人会失明。A. rarely罕见地；B. frequently频繁地；C. occasionally偶然地；D. mistakenly错误地。根据后文的“the medicine was only three years old; before that, patients just went blind.”可知，作者一直在频繁的胡思乱想。故选B。
29考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那漫长的一周里，我允许自己随意地陷入悲伤，哭泣，承认我对自己脆弱的身体的恐惧。A. prevented阻止；B. encouraged鼓励；C. forced强迫；D. permitted允许。根据下文的“casually ____10____ sadness, to cry and acknowledge my fears about my very fragile body.”可知，作者允许自己随意地陷入悲伤。故选D。
30考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. lay down躺下；B. hold back忍住；C. fall into陷入；D. meet with会见。根据后文的“sadness, to cry and acknowledge my fears about my very fragile body.”可知，是作者陷入悲伤当中，哭泣，承认对自己脆弱的身体的恐惧。故选C。
31考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了我丈夫，我拒绝接近任何人。A. desired渴望；B. promised允诺；C. refused拒绝；D. attempted企图。根据后文“but my husband.”可知，作者拒绝任何人靠近，除了她的丈夫。故选C。
32考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，我在一周内很快就振作起来了。A. gave in屈服；B. cheered up振作；C. gave up放弃；D. broken down崩溃。根据空前的“Fortunately”可知，是好的事情发生。尽管作者承认对自己脆弱身体的恐惧。可是幸运地是，在作者悲伤了一个星期之后，很快的就振作起来了。故选B。
33考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这段可怕的时间里，我在博客上发布了遇到的挑战，得到了网友们的关心和支持，这让我心中充满了希望，也鼓励我去接受眼部注射。A. terrible可怕的；B. sweet甜蜜的；C. spare业余的；D. precious珍贵的。根据前文“a specialist who said I had already suffered some permanent loss of vision and would,”可知，是作者在患病的这段可怕的时光里。故选A。
34考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. project项目；B. challenge挑战；C. performance表现；D. choice选择。根据后文的“receives great care and support from friends online”可知，作者把自己所遇到的挑战上传至网上，得到了大家的支持。故选B。
35考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. guilt愧疚；B. pride骄傲；C. hope希望；D. joy乐趣。根据前文的“receives great care and support from friends online,”可知，网友的关心和支持，让我充满了希望。故选C。
36考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，医生保证了药物的疗效。A. blamed责备；B. analyzed分析；C. investigated调查；D. guaranteed确保。根据后文的“the efficacy(功效) of the medicine”可知，医生确保了药的功效。故选D。
37考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我得到了一个有价值的见解：快乐不等于一直是晴空，我们一定会经历人生的风暴。A. wrong错误的；B. commen普通的；C. funny有趣的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“being your happiest self isn’t equal to a lifetime of ____18____ skies, and we are bound to ____19____ storms of life.”可知，是作者得出的有价值的见解。故选D。
38考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sunny晴朗的；B. cloudy乌云密布的；C. rainy下雨的；D. snowy下雪的。根据前文的“being your happiest self isn’t equal to a lifetime of”可知，快乐不等于一直是晴空。故选A。
39考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disturb打扰；B. experience经历，体验；C. forget忘记；D. assign分派。根据空后的“storms of life”可知，此处指会经历人生中的风暴。故选B。
40考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们乐观地面对困难，适应生活的变化。A. admit承认；B.exchange交换；C. face面对；D.have有。根据后文的“difficulties optimistically”可知，此处指面对困难。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Sad Zither is a famous seven-verse poem ____41____ (write)by Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin (813—858). Due to its rich imagery, the poem is regarded as one of ____42____ (hard)poems to explain and translate.
In ____43____ beginning of the poem, the poet looks at his zither and recalls the death of his beloved wife. The big number of strings, which might not be the real number, is mentioned ____44____ (show) his feeling. With so many strings, his zither creates complicated tones, ____45____ (suggest) the sorrow and depression the poet feels. The reality is so cruel that he wishes everything ____46____ happened was untrue. In this part, he uses four Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philosopher, dreams of being a butterfly and couldn’t distinguish dream ____47____ reality; the ancient emperor Wang becomes a cuckoo and always cries; mermaid’s tears become pearl and vapor of jade from Lantian County can ____48____ (see)in the sunlight. The first three stories all create a sad atmosphere. Though the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it’s hard to reach, implicating the hopelessness.
Actually, the four ____49____ (story)he chose indicate Li’s dissatisfaction with his life.
In the end, the poet ____50____ (direct)expresses his point. He wrote about his regret toward the passing years and the helplessness of being unable to change anything, even if he was given the chance to live those years again.
41. written 42. hardest 43. the 44. to show 45. suggesting 46. that 47. from 48. be seen 49. stories 50. directly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了唐代诗人李商隐的《锦瑟》这首诗。
41考查非谓语。句意：《锦瑟》是唐代诗人李商隐(813-858)的著名七言诗。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为后置定语，修饰名词poem，动词write与名词poem为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词written，故填written。
42考查形容词最高级。句意：由于其丰富的意象，这首诗被认为是最难解释和翻译的诗歌之一。固定短语“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”意为：最……的……之一。所以此处应填hardest。故填hardest。
43考查冠词。句意：在诗的开头，诗人看着他的古筝，回忆他心爱的妻子的死亡。in the beginning of“在……的开头”，所以此处用定冠词the，故填the。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：作者提到琴弦的数量来表明他的感受，这些数量可能并不是实际的数量。分析可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为目的状语，表示提到琴弦的数量的目的是为了表达他的情感，故填to show。
45考查现在分词。句意：由于琴弦太多，他的古筝产生了复杂的音调，暗示着诗人所感受到的悲伤和压抑。句子的谓语动词是creates，所以此空应填非谓语动词，suggest与主语his zither是主动关系，所以应填现在分词做伴随状语。故填suggesting。
46考查定语从句。句意：现实如此残酷，他希望所发生的一切都是不真实的。先行词是everything（不定代词），且在从句中做主语，当定语从句的先行词是不定代词且从句缺主语或宾语时，定语从句只能由that引导。故填that。
47考查固定短语。句意：哲学家庄子梦想成为一只蝴蝶，不能区分梦境和现实。固定短语distinguish A from B 意为：区分A和B。故填from。
48考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：古代皇帝王成了布谷鸟，总是哭泣；美人鱼的眼泪变成了珍珠，蓝田县的玉雾可以在阳光下被看到。空处在句中为谓语，结合空前“ vapor of jade from Lantian County can ”可知，蓝田县的玉雾应该是被看到，所以此处用被动语态，所以填be seen，故填be seen。
49考查名词复数。句意：事实上，李所选择的四个故事表明了他对自己生活的不满。结合空前four可知，此处用名词复数stories，故填stories。
50考查副词。句意：最后，诗人直接表达了他的观点。副词修饰动词，结合空后expresses可知，此处用副词directly，故填directly。
第四部分：写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
Last Saturday, my parents and I paid visit to my grandparents by train. Though there was a large number of people in the crowded train, everyone help those who had lots of baggage and behaved politely. Along the way, we enjoyed beautifully views. At first, we saw one hill after another. Then which came into our eyes were fields with green crops. After a six-hour trip, they arrived at my grandparents’ house. Exhausted as I felt, but I was happy to see my grandparents, who I have not seen for a long time. It’s really an excited trip because it was the first time I had taken so a long-distance train.
1. paid后面加a 2. was→were 3. help→helped 4. beautifully→beautiful 5.which→what 6. they→we 7. but去掉 8. have→had 9. excited→exciting 10. so→such
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者上周六和父母去祖父母家的火车之旅。
【详解】1. 考查固定短语。句意：上周六，我和我的父母乘火车去看望了我的祖父母。固定短语pay a visit to 表示参观、拜访，故paid后面加a 。
2. 考查主谓一致。句意：尽管一个拥挤的火车上有很多人，但每个人都帮助那些带很多行李的人并且举止礼貌。根据主语a large number of people许多人可知用复数形式。故was改为were。
3. 考查动词的时态。句意：尽管一个拥挤的火车上有很多人，但每个人都帮助那些带很多行李的人并且举止礼貌。根据上句话提到there were可知用一般过去时，时态保持一致。故help改为helped。
4. 考查形容词 。句意：我们享受美丽风景。形容词修饰名词。故beautifully改为beautiful。
5. 考查主语从句。句意：首先看到是连绵的山，然后我们看到是绿色的庄稼。分析可知，本句为含有主语从句的复合句，其中主语从句主语指我们看到的东西，所以应用连接代词what，故which改为what。
6. 考查代词 。句意：六个小时的旅行后，我们到了祖父母家。结合第一句可知，我和父母坐火车去看望我的祖父母，所以此处指我们到了祖父母的家里。故they改为we。
7. 考查连词。句意：尽管我感到筋疲力尽，但我很高兴看到我的祖父母，我已经很长时间没有看到他们。分析句子可知，逗号前为as引导的让步状语从句，其后为主句，所以不需要使用连词but，故删除but。
8. 考查时态。句意：同上。分析可知，主句使用了一般过去时，who引导的定语从句的动作应该发生在主句动作之前，表示在我见到祖父母之前好长时间没见到他们了，所以应使用过去完成时。故have改为had。
9. 考查形容词 。句意：这真是一次激动人心的旅行，因为那是这是我第一次坐旅途这么长的火车。exciting用来修饰物trip；故excited改为exciting。
10. 考查形容词。句意：这真是一次激动人心的旅行，因为那是这是我第一次坐旅途这么长的火车。such a/an +adj+名词 表示如此……。故so改为such。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Jessie写信给你，向你倾诉她深受不良生活习惯的困扰，请你根据下列要点给她写一封建议信。内容包括：1.不良生活习惯的危害；2.你的建议，如定期锻炼，保证睡眠等；3.你的祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear Jessie,
Sorry to hear that you are bothered by some bad life habits, which will surely make you worn out and do harm to your physical and mental well-being. The following are some tips on how to break these habits.
First of all, adjust your lifestyle to have a balanced diet and enough sleep, which is of critical significance for you to stay dynamic. Also of equal importance is to work out regularly. Only in this way can you not only keep yourself in shape but also get refreshed. Besides, to change yourself for the better, self-discipline really matters/counts.
For your health and future, take action straight away!
Yours,
Li Hua
2022~2023学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测
高二英语试题
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(共15小题, 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文, 从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Londoners love a market. It’s the combination of eating, chatting and browsing. Lovely stuff. Locals and tourists continue to rush to the capital’s best stalls and these days there’s a huge range of markets across London. Below you’ll find the very best markets in London.
Borough Market
Next to London Bridge this food market has existed in some form since at least 1014. It’s now best known as a foodie’s paradise where Londoners come to buy top-quality meats, fish, fruit and veg, fresh-baked bread, cakes and sweet treats, oils and vinegar, and pretty much anything else they desire. Borough Market is open Monday to Saturday, with Saturday the busiest day.
Broadway Market
Since being reopened in 2004, this Hackney street market has become attractive to fashion lovers. It is packed every Saturday from 9a.m. to 5p.m. with arty students and East End creative types filling their tote bags with organic groceries, vintage clothes, fresh flowers, coffee, books and unusual handmade gifts.
Portobello Road Market
Portobello Road Market is really five markets in one, with different sections dedicated to second-hand goods, clothing and fashion, household essentials. You’ll find the greatest range of antiques stalls on Saturdays.
Brick Lane Market
The streets of East London’s Brick Lane are lined with stalls selling anything and everything on Sundays. You can find bargain fruit and veg, and electrical products, but this market’s Unique Selling Point is its unpredictability: You could bag a second-hand bargain, or spend hours sifting (挑选) through inexpensive goods.
1. What is special about Borough Market?
A. Its convenient location. B. Its excellent food.
C. Its length of open hours. D. Its range of goods.
2. Which day is the best day for most markets?
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Saturday. D. Sunday.
3. If you want to find something unexpected, which market should you go?
A. Borough Market. B. Broadway Market.
C. Portobello Road Market. D. Brick Lane Market.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦的四个市场。
1.细节理解题。根据Borough Market中“It’s now best known as a foodie’s paradise where Londoners come to buy top-quality meats, fish, fruit and veg, fresh-baked bread, cakes and sweet treats, oils and vinegar, and pretty much anything else they desire.(现在伦敦人都知道这里是吃货的天堂，他们在这里购买最优质的肉、鱼、水果和蔬菜、新鲜出炉的面包、蛋糕和甜食、油和醋，以及几乎所有他们想吃的东西)”可知，Borough Market的特别之处是它美味的食品。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据Borough Market中“Borough Market is open Monday to Saturday, with Saturday the busiest day.(博罗市场周一至周六营业，周六是最繁忙的一天)”、Broadway Market中“It is packed every Saturday from 9a.m. to 5p.m. (每周六上午9点开始就挤满了人)”和Portobello Road Market中“You’ll find the greatest range of antiques stalls on Saturdays.(星期六你会发现各种各样的古董摊位)”可知，星期六对四个市场中的三个来说都是最好的一天。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据Brick Lane Market中“You can find bargain fruit and veg, and electrical products, but this market’s Unique Selling Point is its unpredictability: You could bag a second-hand bargain, or spend hours sifting (挑选) through inexpensive goods.(你可以买到便宜的水果、蔬菜和电器产品，但这个市场的独特卖点是它的不可预测性：你可以买到二手便宜货，或者花几个小时筛选便宜的商品)”可知，在Brick Lane Market你可以找到意想不到的东西。故选D项。
B
George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and on. However, it was supplemented (增补) by intense home study so that by 1892. he was teaching in a public school, and later attending Antioch College.
In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.
He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel’s example, Shull obtained purebred (纯种的) lines of corn through self-pollination (自花受粉). The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.
4. What does the underlined part “off and on” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Not surprisingly. B. Very formally. C. Very excellently. D. Not regularly.
5. What’s paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. George Shull’s contributions. B. George Shull’s research
C. George Shull’s work experience. D. George Shull’s education.
6. What was so special about Shull’s method of corn breeding?
A. It completely relied on self-pollination. B. It was first published in Genetics.
C. It was widely accepted in Ohio. D. It focused on crossing pure-bred lines.
7. How does the author mainly develop the text?
A. By giving examples. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting a scientific study.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名植物学家George Shull的学习和工作经历以及重要成就。
4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Being needed on the farm”(被农场需要)可知，George Shull小时候需要做农活，所以无法正常接受正规教育。所以off and on意为“断断续续地，时不时地”。故选D。
5.主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium.”(凭借他的植物学知识和农业实践经验，Shull通过了公务员考试，并被任命为美国国家植物标本馆的植物学助理。)和最后一句“And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.”(1904年，他被任命负责实验进化站的植物工作。)可知，第二段主要是讲George Shull的工作经历。故选C。
6.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.”(纯种品种的健康和产量都较差，但当他杂交纯种品种时，杂交品种的产量比任何亲本或在开阔田野授粉的亲本都好。他立即意识到利用这种策略提高作物产量的潜力。)可知，Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注杂交纯种品种。故选D。
7.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age.”(George Shull在1874年出生于奥比奥州克拉克县的一个农场，他早年就对植物和杂交作物有了了解。)，第二段第一句“In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work.”(1901年，他从安提阿大学毕业，到芝加哥大学攻读研究生学位。)，第三段第一句“He began working on corn in 1905.”(1905年，他开始研究玉米。)，第四段第一句“In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University.”(1915年，Shull接受了普林斯顿大学的教授职位。)和最后一段“Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.”(Shull于1942年退休。他和妻子晚年的大部分时间都是和儿孙们在一起度过的。)可知，这篇文章是按照时间顺序组织的。故选B。
C
The earliest discovered cave paintings date back to the Upper Paleolithic (旧石器) period. We might expect that they would be simply made, but the cave paintings of Spain and southern France show a high degree of skill. So do the cave paintings in southern Africa. Some of those appear to have been painted as much as 28,000 years ago, which suggests that painting in Africa is as old as painting in Europe. The early Australians may have painted on the walls of rock shelters at least 30,000 years ago.
The researchers identified three principal locations of paintings in the caves of western Europe: in obviously inhabited rock shelters and cave entrances; in galleries near the inhabited areas of caves; and in the inner reaches of caves, whose difficulty of access has been interpreted as a sign that magical-religious activities were performed there.
The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no decoration. Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely found in cave art. Another explanation for the focus on animals might be that these people sought to improve their luck at hunting.
The particular symbolic significance of the cave paintings in southwestern France is more clearly revealed by the results of a study. The data suggest that the animals in the cave paintings were mostly the ones that the painters preferred for meat. For example, wild cattle and horses are found more often than we would expect by chance, probably because they were larger and heavier (meatier) than other animals in the environment. In addition, the paintings mostly draw animals that the painters may have feared the most because of their size, speed, natural weapons such as horns. That is, mammoths (猛犸) are drawn more often than deer.
8. What do we know about cave painting in Europe?
A. It is as much as 28,000 years old.
B. It is much more than 30,000 years old.
C. It is much older than painting in Australia.
D. It is older than painting in southern Africa.
9. What makes people think certain paintings were connected with magical-religious activities?
A. The paintings were in cave entrances.
B. The paintings were in hard-to-reach places.
C. The paintings were obviously more attractive.
D. The paintings were similar to those in galleries.
10. Why are human figures rarely found in the cave painting?
A. Human figures could improve their hunting luck.
B. Human figures were too difficult to draw at that time.
C. The drawings of human figures were believed to cause death.
D. The drawings of human figures differ from those of contemporary people.
11. Which best represents hunters’ attitude to deer in the Upper Paleolithic period?
A. Hunters did not fear deer as much as mammoths.
B. Hunters didn’t hunt deer because of their size and speed.
C. Hunters avoided deer because of their natural weapons.
D. Hunters preferred deer’s meat to those of other animals.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旧石器时期的洞穴绘画。
8.细节理解题。根据第一段“The earliest discovered cave paintings date back to the Upper Paleolithic (旧石器) period. We might expect that they would be simply made, but the cave paintings of Spain and southern France show a high degree of skill. So do the cave paintings in southern Africa. Some of those appear to have been painted as much as 28,000 years ago, which suggests that painting in Africa is as old as painting in Europe.(最早发现的洞穴绘画可追溯到旧石器时代晚期。我们可能会认为它们只是简单的制作，但西班牙和法国南部的洞穴画显示了高度的技巧。南部非洲的洞穴画也是如此。其中一些似乎早在2.8万年前就已经画好了，这表明非洲的绘画和欧洲的绘画一样古老)”可知，欧洲的洞穴绘画有2.8万年的历史。故选A。
9.细节理解题。根据第二段“and in the inner reaches of caves, whose difficulty of access has been interpreted as a sign that magical-religious activities were performed there.(在洞穴的内部，进入洞穴的困难被解释为那里进行了神奇的宗教活动)”可知，一些绘画被认为和神奇的宗教活动有关系，是因为这些绘画在很难进入的地方。故选B。
10.细节理解题。根据第三段“Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely found in cave art.(也许，像许多当代人一样，旧石器时代晚期的人们相信，绘制人像可能会导致死亡或受伤，如果这是他们的信仰，这也许可以解释为什么洞穴艺术中很少发现人像)”可知，洞穴艺术中很少发现人像是因为那个时候的人们相信，绘制人像可能会导致死亡。故选C。
11.推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition, the paintings mostly draw animals that the painters may have feared the most because of their size, speed, natural weapons such as horns. That is, mammoths (猛犸) are drawn more often than deer.(此外，这些画作大多描绘了画家们最害怕的动物，因为它们的体型、速度和角等天然武器。也就是说，猛犸象比鹿更常被画)”可知，画家们不是像害怕猛犸象那样害怕鹿。故选A。
D
Soot (煤) pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica, a new study suggests, raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit.
“It really makes us question, is our presence really needed?” says Alia Khan, one of the authors of the new study. “We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica, which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”
Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels. Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮), vehicles and airplanes, although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe. The dark particles (微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day. The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting that was already happening more quickly because of global warming.
When snow and ice are uncovered, they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat. “These are the mirrors on our planet,” says Sonia Nagorski, a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast. “When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits, they don’t send back that much light and heat. That means more heat is trapped on Earth, speeding up melting and contributing to global warming.”
As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year, Khan says she is troubled by her own research results. On the one hand, she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing. “But then when we come to conclusions like this it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent,” she says, “and what kind of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric, for example, or limiting the number of visitors each year.
12. What is Khan’s attitude towards human actions in Antarctica according to paragraph 2?
A. Angry and abusive. B. Cold and uninterested.
C. Doubtful and anxious. D. Admiring and delighted.
13. What is the main cause of soot pollution in Antarctica?
A. The quick melting of ice and snow. B. The emission from virous transport.
C. The remaining parts of burning plants. D. The floating gases from other continents.
14. What do we know from Nagorski?
A. The covered ice is less reflective.
B. The melting speed of ice is slower than before.
C. The dark blanket serves as a big mirror.
D. The sunlight gets increasingly stronger recently.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What made our planet so polluted? B. Who is to blame for air pollution?
C. Can electric vehicles save tourism? D. Are we welcome to the South Pole?
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对南极洲的频繁考察，导致煤烟污染加速了南极洲气温的上升，加速了冰雪融化，人们对此情况反思，该如何降低对南极洲的考察频率从而减少对南极洲生态环境的破坏。
12.推理判断题。根据第二段““It really makes us question, is our presence really needed?” says Alia Khan, one of the authors of the new study. “We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica, which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”(“这真的让我们质疑，我们的存在真的需要吗？”这项新研究的作者之一Alia Khan说。“我们在南极洲有相当大的黑碳足迹，这正在促进冰雪融化。”)”可知，Alia Khan的疑问可以看出他对人们去南极洲考察这一事实表示怀疑，而且他看到了人们到访南极洲产生的碳足迹使南极洲的冰雪融化，这让他感到焦虑。故选C项。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮), vehicles and airplanes, although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe.(南极洲的烟尘主要来自游轮、车辆和飞机的废气，尽管一些污染是从世界其他地区随风传播的。)”可知，南极洲煤烟的主要来源就是人们所使用的交通工具。故选B项。
14.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When snow and ice are uncovered, they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat. “These are the mirrors on our planet,” says Sonia Nagorski, a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast.(当雪和冰被揭开时，它们会在阳光变成热量之前反射大量的阳光。“这些是我们星球上的镜子，”阿拉斯加东南大学的科学家索尼娅·纳戈尔斯基（Sonia Nagorski）说。)”可以推断，冰雪被煤烟覆盖后，其反射阳光的效果就会降低。故选A项。
15.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Soot pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica, a new study suggests, raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit..(一项新的研究表明，煤烟污染正在加速南极洲的气候融化，这引发了人们对如何保护这片脆弱的大陆免受越来越多的想要到访那里的人的影响的问题。)”可知，人们在去南极洲考察的同时，却破坏了南极洲的生态环境，所以该文主要分析的是我们人类有必要去南极洲考察吗？故选D项。
第二节(共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
By 2050 we’ll be able to send memories, emotions and feelings across the Internet. ____16____
Teenagers will love it. Instead of putting an emoticon(表情符号)at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.
I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really. We’ll still communicate the traditional way.
____17____ Our children will wonder: What is a keyboard? We will enter the age of the ”brain net".
Medicine will develop fast, too. ____18____, and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly. We won’t fear it like we used to. Technology will help in this respect. ____19____ Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies to discover cancer cells. Smart objects like phones will check us over automatically.
____20____. By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs(器官)of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, well replace them.
That’s all coming. And it doesn’t take much imagination to realise it.
A. We will do a few tests
B. People will live an easy life
C. We will have cured certain forms of cancer
D. Brain science will have changed communication
E. We can already use human cells to grow skin, noses, ears, etc
F. But communicating telepathically will avoid misunderstandings between people
G. Our clothes will discover the beginnings of a heart disease, and advise us to get treatment
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. E
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。从几个方面讲述了未来的生活。
16根据下文“Instead of putting an emoticon (表情符号) at the end of every sentence, they will use an emotion: anger, happiness, or excitement.（不再在每句话的末尾加上表情符号，他们会直接使用感情交流：比如说生气、开心和激动。）”可知，空后提出了未来的交流方式，故D项“脑科学将会改变交流的方式。”符合，空后说明具体的直接情感交流的方式，故选D项。
17根据本段首句“I’m talking about telepathy (心灵感应), really.（真的，我说的是心灵感应。）”可知，本段主要介绍了未来通过心灵感应来交流的方式。且空前“We’ll still communicate the traditional way.”（我们仍然会用传统的方式交流。）可知，此空与空前构成转折关系，故F项“但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会”符合，尽管我们会用传统的方式交流，但是心灵感应交流能避免产生误会，故选F项。
18根据本段首句内容“Medicine will develop fast, too.”（医疗也会得到快速的发展。）可知，本段主要介绍未来医疗方面的发展。根据下文“and we will have begun to treat the disease like the common cold. We’ll live with it. It will no longer be deadly.”（并且我们会像对待常见的感冒一样对待癌症，我们会和它一起生活，它也不再是致命的。）可知，空处应承接前文，讲述医疗的发展对我们的好处。选项C.“我们将治愈某些癌症”，符合题意，故选C。
19根据空前“Technology will help in this respect.”（科技在这方面能起到一定的作用。）空后“Smart toilets will perform liquid biopsies (液体活检) to discover cancer cells.”（智能马桶能通过液体活检来发现尿液中含有的癌细胞。）可知，空前提到科技在医疗方面会有所帮助，空后举出具体的例子，故G项“我们的衣服会发现心脏病的开始，并建议我们去治疗。”符合，举出另一个相关的例子，故选G项。
20根据空后“By 2050 I think we’ll be able to grow many of the important organs (器官) of the body and, rather than allow the organs we’re born with to become old and weak, we’ll replace them.”（到2050年，我认为我们将能够生长很多重要的器官，而不再是任由我们的器官变旧变虚弱，我们可以自行替代这些旧的器官。）可知，本段主要讲述在未来我们可以自己生长器官，故E项“我们已经可以能通过细胞来生长皮肤、鼻子、耳朵等等。”符合，故选E项。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
The word “happy” would lose its meaning if it were not balanced by hardship. The circular motion between happiness and ____21____ is the one I’ve been dealing with lately.
A year ago, I developed troubling symptoms in my left ____22____. My husband sent me ____23____ to a specialist who said I had already suffered some everlasting loss of vision and would, without ____24____, go blind in that eye within months. And I urgently ____25____ to begin painful eye injections. Almost blind? Painful eye injections? I was ____26____. What if the ____27____ medicine didn’t work? What if my right eye developed the same condition? I ____28____ thought that, amazingly, the medicine was only three years old; before that, patients just went blind.
Over that long week, I ____29____ myself to casually ____30____ sadness, to cry and acknowledge my fears about my very fragile body. I ____31____ to be near anybody but my husband. Fortunately, I ____32____ pretty quickly, within the week. During this ____33____ time, I posted my ____34____ in my blog and received great care and support from friends online, which filled my heart with ____35____ and encouraged me to receive the eye injections. Besides, the doctor ____36____ the efficacy ( 功 效 ) of the medicine. In the end, I bravely received the eye injections and they were very successful. I was lucky enough to see the world again with my healthy eye.
Finally, I gained a ____37____ insight: being your happiest self isn’t equal to a lifetime of ____38____ skies, and we are bound to ____39____ storms of life. Knowing this can help us ____40____ difficulties optimistically and adapt to the change of life.
21. A. loneliness B. tiredness C. sadness D. greatness
22. A. eye B. arm C. leg D. ear
23. A. suddenly B. carelessly C. secretly D. immediately
24. A. luck B. treatment C. apology D. discussion
25. A. needed B. expected C. managed D. congratulated
26. A. in relief B. in anger C. in peace D. in panic
27. A. new B. traditional C. strong D. folk
28. A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. mistakenly
29. A. prevented B. encouraged C. forced D. permitted
30. A. lay down B. hold back C. fall into D. meet with
31. A. desired B. promised C. refused D. attempted
32. A. gave in B. cheered up C. gave up D. broke down
33. A. terrible B. sweet C. spare D. precious
34. A. project B. challenge C. performance D. choice
35. A. guilt B. pride C. hope D. upset
36. A. blamed B. analyzed C. investigated D. guaranteed
37. A. wrong B. common C. funny D. valuable
38. A. sunny B. cloudy C. rainy D. snowy
39. A. disturb B. experience C. forget D. assign
40. A. admit B. exchange C. face D. have
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述的是作者由于自己患病——左眼可能永久性失明，在经历了恐惧，害怕之后，作者将自己遇到的挑战上传至网上，得到了网友的支持和鼓励。同时最后让作者明白的是：快乐不等于一直是晴空，我们一定会经历人生的风暴。了解这一点可以帮助我们乐观地面对困难，适应生活的变化。
21考查名词词义辨析。句意：快乐和悲伤之间的循环运动是我最近一直在处理的问题。A. loneliness孤独；B. tiredness疲劳；C. sadness悲伤；D. greatness伟大。根据前文“The word “happy” would lose its meaning if it were not balanced by hardship.”可知，幸福和艰难之间的平衡，故此处强调快乐和悲伤的循环。故选C。
22考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年前，我的左眼出现了令人不安的症状。A. eye眼睛；B. arm胳膊；C. leg腿；D. ear耳朵。根据后文的“I had already suffered some everlasting loss of vision”可知，作者是眼睛受伤了。故选A。
23考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的丈夫立即把我送到了一位专家那里，他说我已经出现了一些永久性的视力丧失，如果不进行治疗，那只眼睛将在几个月内失明。A. suddenly突然地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即地。根据前文“A year ago, I developed troubling symptoms in my left ____2____”可知，作者的眼睛受伤了，她的丈夫立即地把她送到医院。故选D。
24考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. luck运气；B. treatment治疗；C. apology道歉；D. discussion讨论。根据下文的“begin painful eye injections”治疗方案相对应。故选B。
25考查动词词义辨析。句意：我急需开始给眼睛打针。A. needed需要；B. expected期待；C. managed管理，处理；D. congratulated庆祝。根据后文的“begin painful eye injections.”可知，我需要开始给眼睛打针。故选A。
26考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我很恐慌。如果新药不起作用怎么办？A. in relief欣慰；B. in anger愤怒；C. in peace和平；D. in panic恐慌。根据前文的“Almost blind? Painful eye injections?”可知，是作者感觉到非常的恐慌。故选D。
27考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. new新的；B. traditional传统的；C. strong强壮的；D. folk民俗的。根据后文的“the medicine was only three years old”可知，作者即将使用的是新药。故选A。
28考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊奇的是，我常常想，这种药只有三年的历史；在那之前，病人会失明。A. rarely罕见地；B. frequently频繁地；C. occasionally偶然地；D. mistakenly错误地。根据后文的“the medicine was only three years old; before that, patients just went blind.”可知，作者一直在频繁的胡思乱想。故选B。
29考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那漫长的一周里，我允许自己随意地陷入悲伤，哭泣，承认我对自己脆弱的身体的恐惧。A. prevented阻止；B. encouraged鼓励；C. forced强迫；D. permitted允许。根据下文的“casually ____10____ sadness, to cry and acknowledge my fears about my very fragile body.”可知，作者允许自己随意地陷入悲伤。故选D。
30考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. lay down躺下；B. hold back忍住；C. fall into陷入；D. meet with会见。根据后文的“sadness, to cry and acknowledge my fears about my very fragile body.”可知，是作者陷入悲伤当中，哭泣，承认对自己脆弱的身体的恐惧。故选C。
31考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了我丈夫，我拒绝接近任何人。A. desired渴望；B. promised允诺；C. refused拒绝；D. attempted企图。根据后文“but my husband.”可知，作者拒绝任何人靠近，除了她的丈夫。故选C。
32考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，我在一周内很快就振作起来了。A. gave in屈服；B. cheered up振作；C. gave up放弃；D. broken down崩溃。根据空前的“Fortunately”可知，是好的事情发生。尽管作者承认对自己脆弱身体的恐惧。可是幸运地是，在作者悲伤了一个星期之后，很快的就振作起来了。故选B。
33考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这段可怕的时间里，我在博客上发布了遇到的挑战，得到了网友们的关心和支持，这让我心中充满了希望，也鼓励我去接受眼部注射。A. terrible可怕的；B. sweet甜蜜的；C. spare业余的；D. precious珍贵的。根据前文“a specialist who said I had already suffered some permanent loss of vision and would,”可知，是作者在患病的这段可怕的时光里。故选A。
34考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. project项目；B. challenge挑战；C. performance表现；D. choice选择。根据后文的“receives great care and support from friends online”可知，作者把自己所遇到的挑战上传至网上，得到了大家的支持。故选B。
35考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. guilt愧疚；B. pride骄傲；C. hope希望；D. joy乐趣。根据前文的“receives great care and support from friends online,”可知，网友的关心和支持，让我充满了希望。故选C。
36考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，医生保证了药物的疗效。A. blamed责备；B. analyzed分析；C. investigated调查；D. guaranteed确保。根据后文的“the efficacy(功效) of the medicine”可知，医生确保了药的功效。故选D。
37考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我得到了一个有价值的见解：快乐不等于一直是晴空，我们一定会经历人生的风暴。A. wrong错误的；B. commen普通的；C. funny有趣的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“being your happiest self isn’t equal to a lifetime of ____18____ skies, and we are bound to ____19____ storms of life.”可知，是作者得出的有价值的见解。故选D。
38考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sunny晴朗的；B. cloudy乌云密布的；C. rainy下雨的；D. snowy下雪的。根据前文的“being your happiest self isn’t equal to a lifetime of”可知，快乐不等于一直是晴空。故选A。
39考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disturb打扰；B. experience经历，体验；C. forget忘记；D. assign分派。根据空后的“storms of life”可知，此处指会经历人生中的风暴。故选B。
40考查动词词义辨析。句意：了解这一点可以帮助我们乐观地面对困难，适应生活的变化。A. admit承认；B.exchange交换；C. face面对；D.have有。根据后文的“difficulties optimistically”可知，此处指面对困难。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Sad Zither is a famous seven-verse poem ____41____ (write)by Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin (813—858). Due to its rich imagery, the poem is regarded as one of ____42____ (hard)poems to explain and translate.
In ____43____ beginning of the poem, the poet looks at his zither and recalls the death of his beloved wife. The big number of strings, which might not be the real number, is mentioned ____44____ (show) his feeling. With so many strings, his zither creates complicated tones, ____45____ (suggest) the sorrow and depression the poet feels. The reality is so cruel that he wishes everything ____46____ happened was untrue. In this part, he uses four Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philosopher, dreams of being a butterfly and couldn’t distinguish dream ____47____ reality; the ancient emperor Wang becomes a cuckoo and always cries; mermaid’s tears become pearl and vapor of jade from Lantian County can ____48____ (see)in the sunlight. The first three stories all create a sad atmosphere. Though the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it’s hard to reach, implicating the hopelessness.
Actually, the four ____49____ (story)he chose indicate Li’s dissatisfaction with his life.
In the end, the poet ____50____ (direct)expresses his point. He wrote about his regret toward the passing years and the helplessness of being unable to change anything, even if he was given the chance to live those years again.
41. written 42. hardest 43. the 44. to show 45. suggesting 46. that 47. from 48. be seen 49. stories 50. directly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了唐代诗人李商隐的《锦瑟》这首诗。
41考查非谓语。句意：《锦瑟》是唐代诗人李商隐(813-858)的著名七言诗。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为后置定语，修饰名词poem，动词write与名词poem为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词written，故填written。
42考查形容词最高级。句意：由于其丰富的意象，这首诗被认为是最难解释和翻译的诗歌之一。固定短语“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”意为：最……的……之一。所以此处应填hardest。故填hardest。
43考查冠词。句意：在诗的开头，诗人看着他的古筝，回忆他心爱的妻子的死亡。in the beginning of“在……的开头”，所以此处用定冠词the，故填the。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：作者提到琴弦的数量来表明他的感受，这些数量可能并不是实际的数量。分析可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为目的状语，表示提到琴弦的数量的目的是为了表达他的情感，故填to show。
45考查现在分词。句意：由于琴弦太多，他的古筝产生了复杂的音调，暗示着诗人所感受到的悲伤和压抑。句子的谓语动词是creates，所以此空应填非谓语动词，suggest与主语his zither是主动关系，所以应填现在分词做伴随状语。故填suggesting。
46考查定语从句。句意：现实如此残酷，他希望所发生的一切都是不真实的。先行词是everything（不定代词），且在从句中做主语，当定语从句的先行词是不定代词且从句缺主语或宾语时，定语从句只能由that引导。故填that。
47考查固定短语。句意：哲学家庄子梦想成为一只蝴蝶，不能区分梦境和现实。固定短语distinguish A from B 意为：区分A和B。故填from。
48考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：古代皇帝王成了布谷鸟，总是哭泣；美人鱼的眼泪变成了珍珠，蓝田县的玉雾可以在阳光下被看到。空处在句中为谓语，结合空前“ vapor of jade from Lantian County can ”可知，蓝田县的玉雾应该是被看到，所以此处用被动语态，所以填be seen，故填be seen。
49考查名词复数。句意：事实上，李所选择的四个故事表明了他对自己生活的不满。结合空前four可知，此处用名词复数stories，故填stories。
50考查副词。句意：最后，诗人直接表达了他的观点。副词修饰动词，结合空后expresses可知，此处用副词directly，故填directly。
第四部分：写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
Last Saturday, my parents and I paid visit to my grandparents by train. Though there was a large number of people in the crowded train, everyone help those who had lots of baggage and behaved politely. Along the way, we enjoyed beautifully views. At first, we saw one hill after another. Then which came into our eyes were fields with green crops. After a six-hour trip, they arrived at my grandparents’ house. Exhausted as I felt, but I was happy to see my grandparents, who I have not seen for a long time. It’s really an excited trip because it was the first time I had taken so a long-distance train.
1. paid后面加a 2. was→were 3. help→helped 4. beautifully→beautiful 5.which→what 6. they→we 7. but去掉 8. have→had 9. excited→exciting 10. so→such
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者上周六和父母去祖父母家的火车之旅。
【详解】1. 考查固定短语。句意：上周六，我和我的父母乘火车去看望了我的祖父母。固定短语pay a visit to 表示参观、拜访，故paid后面加a 。
2. 考查主谓一致。句意：尽管一个拥挤的火车上有很多人，但每个人都帮助那些带很多行李的人并且举止礼貌。根据主语a large number of people许多人可知用复数形式。故was改为were。
3. 考查动词的时态。句意：尽管一个拥挤的火车上有很多人，但每个人都帮助那些带很多行李的人并且举止礼貌。根据上句话提到there were可知用一般过去时，时态保持一致。故help改为helped。
4. 考查形容词 。句意：我们享受美丽风景。形容词修饰名词。故beautifully改为beautiful。
5. 考查主语从句。句意：首先看到是连绵的山，然后我们看到是绿色的庄稼。分析可知，本句为含有主语从句的复合句，其中主语从句主语指我们看到的东西，所以应用连接代词what，故which改为what。
6. 考查代词 。句意：六个小时的旅行后，我们到了祖父母家。结合第一句可知，我和父母坐火车去看望我的祖父母，所以此处指我们到了祖父母的家里。故they改为we。
7. 考查连词。句意：尽管我感到筋疲力尽，但我很高兴看到我的祖父母，我已经很长时间没有看到他们。分析句子可知，逗号前为as引导的让步状语从句，其后为主句，所以不需要使用连词but，故删除but。
8. 考查时态。句意：同上。分析可知，主句使用了一般过去时，who引导的定语从句的动作应该发生在主句动作之前，表示在我见到祖父母之前好长时间没见到他们了，所以应使用过去完成时。故have改为had。
9. 考查形容词 。句意：这真是一次激动人心的旅行，因为那是这是我第一次坐旅途这么长的火车。exciting用来修饰物trip；故excited改为exciting。
10. 考查形容词。句意：这真是一次激动人心的旅行，因为那是这是我第一次坐旅途这么长的火车。such a/an +adj+名词 表示如此……。故so改为such。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Jessie写信给你，向你倾诉她深受不良生活习惯的困扰，请你根据下列要点给她写一封建议信。内容包括：1.不良生活习惯的危害；2.你的建议，如定期锻炼，保证睡眠等；3.你的祝愿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear Jessie,
Sorry to hear that you are bothered by some bad life habits, which will surely make you worn out and do harm to your physical and mental well-being. The following are some tips on how to break these habits.
First of all, adjust your lifestyle to have a balanced diet and enough sleep, which is of critical significance for you to stay dynamic. Also of equal importance is to work out regularly. Only in this way can you not only keep yourself in shape but also get refreshed. Besides, to change yourself for the better, self-discipline really matters/counts.
For your health and future, take action straight away!
Yours,
Li Hua
