全国乙卷02（含听力）-2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷英语
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·北京·统考高考真题）The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good.
To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺).
4-Week Learning Sprint
The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task.
The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28.
After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader.
Requirements for the Applicants
•You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint.
•You have completed your high school studies.
•You have at least one year of work experience.
•You have strong public speaking skills.
•You are self-motivated and committed.
•You are passionate about creating positive change in your community.
•You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴).
•You are able to work with people from different backgrounds.
21．In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________.
A．create change in their community B．attend a virtual learning programme
C．meet people from different backgrounds D．promote the IOC Young Leaders project
22．If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________.
A．complete a reflection task each week B．watch sports on the IOC channel
C．work on a sport-based project D．coach and advise their peers
23．Which is a requirement for the applicants?
A．Spreading the message of sport for good. B．Having at least one-year work experience.
C．Showing great passion for project planning. D．Committing themselves to becoming an expert.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。
21．细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. (为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年11月进行。这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在IOC频道播出后观看)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. (在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后，您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中)”可知，如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中“You have at least one year of work experience. (你至少有一年的工作经验)”可知，对申请人的要求是至少一年工作经验。故选B。
B
（2023春·广东惠州·高三统考期末）Money Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co-founded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project’s mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.
Daniels says he first developed a passion for wildlife when he was 3. “As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.
His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers,” he says. In 2019, he adopted the name Conservation Kid on Instagram, and started posting about things like how something as simple as a deserted face mask can entangle (缠住), choke, and kill turtles, birds, and fish. Mask waste has increased an estimated 9,000% since the pandemic(疫情) began.
Although he mostly speaks to other teens, Daniels has found that adults are often persuaded by his argument that cleaning up, recycling, and ridding plastic ought to be a selfish act for humanity: when plastics break down, they can wind up in our drinking water. He has met with the mayor of his city, and his experiences speaking with influential grownups has convinced him that adults can change their habits.
But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.”
24．What led to the birth of Daniel’s project?
A．The inspiration from his best friend.
B．The goal to make a role model for kids.
C．The concern for the ocean life.
D．The idea of other teen environmentalists.
25．Which can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A．The ocean’s trash has grown rapidly.
B．The river pollution requires less attention.
C．Many animals are infected in the pandemic.
D．River waste contributes most to the ocean’s trash.
26．Which of the following can best describe Money Daniels?
A．Optimistic and creative.
B．Caring and responsible.
C．Considerate and generous.
D．Courageous and devoted.
27．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Grownups’selfish behaviors for humanity.
B．A teenager’s contributions to saving the waters.
C．A youngster’s responsibility to protect the world.
D．Teen environmentalists’ efforts to clean the oceans.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．B 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Money Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co-founded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project’s mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.”（Money Daniels和其他青少年环保主义者一起住在田纳西州查塔努加(Chattanooga)，他们每周花几个小时清理家附近河流里的罐子和瓶子。他们总共收集了1吨多的铝罐，每周收集近1000个。今年1月，他和他最好的朋友共同创立了一个名为“清理孩子”的俱乐部。该项目的使命是：鼓励孩子们在年底前在全球捡起100万磅的垃圾。）以及第二段中““As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”（“从我记事起，我就一直很喜欢动物，”丹尼尔斯说。他对海洋生物特别感兴趣。当他和家人在河边散步时发现垃圾时，他立刻想到了他最喜欢的海洋生物。）可知，对海洋生物的关注促使了丹尼尔斯这个项目的诞生。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers,” he says.”（他现在的任务是拯救地球上的河流，他指出，河流的污染程度甚至比世界上的海洋还要严重。“80%的海洋垃圾来自河流，”他说。）可知，从第三段可以推断出河流垃圾是海洋垃圾的主要来源。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中““As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.”（“从我记事起，我就一直很喜欢动物，”丹尼尔斯说。他对海洋生物特别感兴趣。当他和家人在河边散步时发现垃圾时，他立刻想到了他最喜欢的海洋生物。）以及最后一段“But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.””（但事实上，拯救地球的重任落在了像他这样的孩子身上。“孩子可能只占人口的一小部分，但我们是100%的未来，”他说。“我们可以拯救世界。”）可推知，丹尼尔斯非常有爱心和责任心。故选B项。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.””（但事实上，拯救地球的重任落在了像他这样的孩子身上。“孩子可能只占人口的一小部分，但我们是100%的未来，”他说。“我们可以拯救世界。”）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一个青少年为拯救水资源所做的贡献。故选B项。
C
（2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测）Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.
According to The Washington Post, the number of deaths and serious injuries associated with Tesla’s driver-assistance technology is higher than previously reported. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recorded 736 crashes since 2019, with at least17 of them being fatal. These figures include crashes involving both Autopilot, which allows cars to drive on highways without human intervention, and the newer Full Self-Driving feature, which extends automation to city streets. However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features. Additionally, when compared to the total number of car crashes that occurred last year, the number of crashes involving driver-assistance vehicles appears relatively small, but actually it’s not.
Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.
Concerns are raised by Tesla’s request to the NHTSA not to reveal whether Autopilot or Full Self-Driving was in use during fatal crashes. This lack of transparency (透明) prevents a comprehensive analysis of the incidents and raises questions about responsibility.
Safety exaggerations (夸大) combined with Tesla’s aggressive marketing have led to accidents caused by drivers relying too heavily on the system. Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times. However, Tesla’s messaging may mislead some users into believing otherwise.
While a driverless future has the potential to be safer, it is crucial not to convince the public that underdeveloped capabilities are ready for widespread use. Tesla should address past problems, ensure their automation set can detect emergency vehicles, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of their technology. Rushing the implementation of such technology without addressing its limitations could lead to serious consequences on the road.
28．What can we learn about Tesla’s driver-assistance-related crashes from paragraph 2?
A．736 fatal cases of self-driving are recorded.
B．NHTSA focused on the crashes on highways.
C．The total number of car crashes is extremely small.
D．The incidents avoided are not counted in the crash statistics.
29．What can be inferred about Tesla’s safety claims?
A．They are supported by comprehensive data.
B．They are based on limited driving environment.
C．They are restricted to the experiences of satisfied customers.
D．They have been proven to be accurate and reliable by NHTSA．
30．What can we know about Full Self-Driving?
A．It is ill-received. B．It is well-developed.
C．It needs the driver to stay focused. D．It reduces the accidents greatly.
31．Which title best summarizes the content of this text?
A．Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars
B．Tesla’s Self-Driving Cars: The Safest Option of Driving on the Road
C．The Future of Self-Driving Cars: A Closer Look at Tesla’s Technology
D．Reconstruction and Revolution of Tesla’s Autopilot and Full Self-Driving
【答案】28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是特斯拉的自动驾驶车辆所受到的一些质疑和它自身存在的一些问题。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段的“However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features.(然而，这些统计数据并不能记录由于汽车的安全特性而避免的事故。)”可知，避免的事故不计入撞车统计。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.(特斯拉的安全声明缺乏背景，因为自动驾驶仪主要是为高速公路设计的，而大多数事故发生在更复杂的环境中，有交叉交通、行人和骑自行车的人。此外，特斯拉的客户群主要是生活在事故率较低社区的富裕人士。)”可知，特斯拉的安全声明是基于有限的驾驶环境。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times.(全自动驾驶不允许汽车完全自动驾驶，司机需要保持注意力，随时准备干预。)”可知，全自动驾驶需要司机保持专注。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.(特斯拉的自动驾驶汽车最近受到调查，因为一份关于车祸的报告引发了对其安全性的质疑。尽管特斯拉首席执行官Elon Musk声称，他们的自动驾驶功能使他们的汽车“绝对更安全”，但数据显示并非如此。)”及后文的描述可知，本文主要讲的是特斯拉的自动驾驶车辆所受到的一些质疑和它自身存在的一些问题，因此最好的题目是A选项“Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars(围绕特斯拉“自动驾驶”汽车的担忧和问题)”。故选A。
D
（2023·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校考一模）When you think about it, food is an important part of our lives. Family gatherings center around food and the celebration of major life events and milestones involves food in one way or another. The same holds true for us here on the Space Station. Food is important and ends up usually being a topic of discussion for almost every crew.
The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many different requirements. What about variety? How do you meet all of the peculiarities of the people that you come across, especially when they are from different cultures? What about the logistics(物流)of getting the right food here at the right time? So there are a couple of different questions you have to consider when you talk about food and long-duration space flight.
On the U.S. side we have gone to a standard menu, meaning that every 16 days you start over with the same menu. To compensate the crews, we are allowed to pick one“preference”container which consists of our pick of anything on the U. S. menu list. This allows us some variety in our menu, with the choices up to us. One of the desirable options for any crew is to make sure that enough tortillas(墨西哥玉米粉薄饼) get on board. You can do so much with a tortilla; it becomes the vehicle with which to eat almost anything.
Our food also comes packaged in many ways. But no matter what the form of the food though, you still have the same problem eating it- - you do not want it flying away from you and making a mess when you open it up. In this case a little bit of extra water is extremely helpful. It keeps the food kind of sticking together and to the package and to your spoon. Small things do escape from time to time, but we really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem. That is enough for now! Next time I will write about how to cook in space.
32．Where is the text most probably taken from?
A．A food magazine. B．An astronaut’s journal.
C．A sci-fi handbook. D．A space history website.
33．What does the underlined word “peculiarities“ mean in paragraph 2?
A．Ambitious targets. B．Similar requests.
C．Unusual habits. D．Harsh conditions.
34．What is the author’ s purpose in mentioning tortillas?
A．To illustrate the preference container . B．To give an example of standard menu.
C．To advocate tortillas to the readers. D．To show the variety of food options.
35．What can be inferred about eating in space?
A．Food packaging is optional. B．Sufficient water helps transport food.
C．Flying food problem is unavoidable. D．Eating in space is easier than most imagine.
【答案】32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空饮食中食物种类、食物包装等的相关内容。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The same holds true for us here on the Space Station. (对于在空间站的我们而言也是如此。)”, 以及最后一段中的“Next time I will write about how to cook in space. (下次我会写一写在太空烹饪的事情。)”可以得知,本文以第一人称来陈述太空饮食方面的内容，因此本文应该是一篇宇航员的太空日志。故选B。
33．词义猜测题。第二段第一句提到“The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many different requirements. What about variety? ”（我们在国际空间站上的食物必须满足许多不同的要求。多样性怎么样?）以及后文中“the people that you come across, especially when they are from different cultures”（当你遇到不同文化背景的人时）由此判断，在太空中可能会遇见文化习俗不一样的宇航员，每一个人的习惯都有可能不一样的，对于“你”可能是很正常的，但是对于别人而言有可能不寻常，因此可以得知,peculiarities的意思应是“不寻常的习惯”。故选C。
34．推理判断题。第三段第二、三句提到“To compensate the crews, we are allowed to pick one“preference”container which consists of our pick of anything on the U. S. menu list.This allows us some variety in our menu, with the choices up to us. ”（为了补偿机组人员，我们可以选择一个“偏好”集装箱，其中包括我们在美国菜单上选择的任何东西。这让我们在菜单上有了一些多样性，选择由我们自己决定。）可以得知，美国宇航员在太空中更喜欢吃玉米粉薄饼，因此作者提到tortillas的用意是举例解释宇航员们的“preference container(偏好食盒)”。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Small things do escape from time to time, but we really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem. (细小食物的确时不时逃逸出来, 但我们尽力把食物乱飞的情况降至最低。)”可以得知，食物乱飞的情况是不可避免的。故选C。
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·河北沧州·校考三模）Helping Your Kids to Be Interested in Sports
Being active and moving is something that is so important for us all, especially for children. 36 However, some parents can feel shocked when they see that their child isn’t interested in sports. So how can you encourage them to have ago?
It is such a good idea to lead by example when you are a parent. This is true for a variety of aspects, but especially forgetting children involved in sport. 37 So you need to be someone who is interested and active, if you want any hope of them doing so too. If you lay on the couch all day then they will just learn to do that too.
38 Although they can choose who they want to support, seeing your enthusiasm for a particular player or team can be just what is needed to start their journey. You could look for a team uniform store to get them a sports shirt with their name on for example, as well as see the team play at one of their games. 39
If something is dull, it will be hard for children to be enthusiastic about it. This will make them resent(讨厌) it, which is not a good thing for later in life. If they show particular skill and learn to play sport, then more practice and training can come in. 40 When they can enjoy what they do, they will only see it as something fun to do, rather than what we as adults might see it as, such as a chore to burn calories.
Whatever sport your child chooses to play, encourage them and make it fun, and then it will be something that they will want to carry on doing as they go about the rest of their lives.
A．They won’t be interested in sports if you’re not.
B．here are some other tips that you would share with them.
C．Share your enthusiasm and it will help to lighten a passion.
D．So think about ways that can get them to be active in the sports.
E．How active a child is will impact their overall health and learning.
F．Apart from leading by example, you could also share your favorite team.
G．However, the main message forgetting children into sport is to keep it fun.
【答案】36．E 37．A 38．F 39．C 40．G
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一些帮助孩子对运动感兴趣的方法。
36．根据上文“Being active and moving is something that is so important for us all, especially for children. (活跃和运动对我们所有人都非常重要，对儿童来说尤为重要。)”可知，这里强调活跃和运动对儿童来说尤为重要。选项E“孩子的活跃程度将影响他们的整体健康和学习。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
37．根据上文“It is such a good idea to lead by example when you are a parent. This is true for a variety of aspects, but especially forgetting children involved in sport.(当你为人父母时，以身作则是个好主意。这在很多方面都是正确的，但尤其是在忘记孩子们参与体育运动这方面。)”可知，作为家长要为孩子树立榜样，结合上文提到体育运动，可知选项A“如果你不感兴趣，他们就不会对体育感兴趣。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
38．根据下文“Although they can choose who they want to support, seeing your enthusiasm for a particular player or team can be just what is needed to start their journey. (尽管他们可以选择他们想要支持的人，但看到你对某个特定球员或球队的热情可能正是他们开始旅程所需要的。)”可知，这里建议家长跟孩子分享喜欢的球员或球队。选项F“除了以身作则，你还可以与他们分享你喜欢的球队。”和下文意思一致。故选F。
39．根据上文“You could look for a team uniform store to get them a sports shirt with their name on for example, as well as see the team play at one of their games. (例如，你可以找一家队服商店给他们买一件印有他们名字的运动衫，也可以看球队参加他们的一场比赛。)”可知，这里举例说明家长在球队的热情。选项C“分享你的热情，这将有助于点燃激情。”和上文意思一致。故选C。
40．根据上文“If they show particular skill and learn to play sport, then more practice and training can come in. (如果他们表现出特殊的技能并且学习运动，那么就应多练习和训练。)”和下文“When they can enjoy what they do, they will only see it as something fun to do, rather than what we as adults might see it as, such as a chore to burn calories.(当他们能够享受自己所做的事情时，他们只会认为这是一件有趣的事情，而不是我们成年人可能认为的事情，比如燃烧卡路里的家务。)”可知，这里建议让孩子参与有乐趣的运动。选项G“然而，让孩子们参与体育运动的关键是让运动变得有乐趣。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·全国·模拟预测）World Cup soccer fans in Qatar cannot spend all of their time watching matches. So some of them 41 the desert outside Doha for camel rides and 42 . They want to have a tourist experience between games. Business is 43 for the animal handlers. They are making much more money than usual. 44 , the interest is causing trouble for the camels.
Ali Jaber Al Ali has been in Qatar for 15 years. He 45 up loving camels and can identify them by their faces. On a normal day, his company would 46 at most 50 rides. But in recent weeks, he and his team are giving 500 rides in the morning and 500 in the evening. There is a lot of money 47 in. Al Ali said, “Thank god, but it is a lot of 48 .”
Before roads were built, camels were important to 49 and trade in Qatar. Now they are 50 used in racing and giving rides. Al Ali can 51 when they are tired. The camels will sit back down after standing up. In 52 times, the camels can 53 after every five rides, but now, they give 15 or more rides 54 . With little time to rest, the camels are 55 by making loud sounds.
The day 56 for Al Ali at 4:30 in the morning, for tourists want to get a photo at 57 . But not every customer is 58 . Pablo Corigliano from Argentina was hoping for a more authentic 59 “I thought I would be crossing the desert,” he said, “but when I arrived, I saw a(n) 60 tourist point.”
41．A．head for B．come across C．turn up D．bring about
42．A．food B．photos C．games D．progress
43．A．normal B．good C．hard D．extra
44．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Instead
45．A．took B．picked C．looked D．grew
46．A．offer B．increase C．book D．follow
47．A．handing B．flooding C．cutting D．resulting
48．A．harvest B．return C．pressure D．contribution
49．A．culture B．education C．art D．transportation
50．A．exactly B．hardly C．really D．mostly
51．A．tell B．imagine C．guess D．say
52．A．recent B．modern C．usual D．rough
53．A．eat B．rest C．play D．train
54．A．at a time B．in a way C．for a while D．in a row
55．A．protesting B．maintaining C．preparing D．accepting
56．A．finishes B．begins C．happens D．goes
57．A．sunrise B．once C．ease D．dusk
58．A．polite B．active C．happy D．shocked
59．A．experiment B．emotion C．experience D．achievement
60．A．interesting B．colorful C．tireless D．typical
【答案】
41．A 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．D 50．D 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．C 60．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了卡塔尔世界杯期间，游客增多，一些人前往多哈郊外的沙漠骑骆驼和拍照，虽然生意变好了，但是由于超负荷工作，骆驼们大声抗议。
41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，他们中的一些人前往多哈郊外的沙漠骑骆驼和拍照。A. head for前往；B. come across遇见；C. turn up出现；D. bring about产生。根据后文“the desert outside Doha”指前往多哈郊外的沙漠，故选A。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们中的一些人前往多哈郊外的沙漠骑骆驼和拍照。A. food食物；B. photos照片；C. games游戏；D. progress过程。根据后文“for tourists want to get a photo”指游客想拍照，故选B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：动物饲养员的生意很好。A. normal正常的；B. good好的；C. hard努力的；D. extra额外的。根据后文“They are making much more money than usual.(他们赚的钱比平时多得多)”可知，动物饲养员的生意很好。故选B。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种兴趣给骆驼带来了麻烦。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Instead相反。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从小就喜欢骆驼，能通过骆驼的脸认出它们。A. took带走；B. picked捡起；C. looked看；D. grew生长。根据后文“up loving camels and can identify them by their faces”可知，Ali从小就喜欢骆驼，能通过骆驼的脸认出它们。故选D。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正常情况下，他的公司每天最多提供50次骑骆驼服务。A. offer提供；B. increase增加；C. book预定；D. follow跟随。根据后文“at most 50 rides”指每天最多提供50次骑骆驼服务。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大量资金涌入。A. handing递给；B. flooding淹没；C. cutting切割；D. resulting导致。根据上文“But in recent weeks, he and his team are giving 500 rides in the morning and 500 in the evening.(但最近几周，他和他的团队在早上和晚上分别提供了500次服务)”可知，服务增加，钱也多了，flood in表示“涌入”。故选B。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿里说：“感谢上帝，但是压力很大。”A. harvest丰收；B. return返回；C. pressure压力；D. contribution贡献。结合后文描述骆驼服务量过大可知，虽然挣钱但是压力也很大，故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在道路修建之前，骆驼对卡塔尔的运输和贸易很重要。A. culture文化；B. education教育；C. art艺术；D. transportation运输。根据后文“and trade”可知，在道路修建之前，骆驼对卡塔尔的运输和贸易很重要。故选D。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在它们主要用于比赛和骑。A. exactly恰好地；B. hardly几乎不；C. really真地；D. mostly多半；主要地。根据后文“used in racing and giving rides.”指骆驼的主要用途是比赛和人骑。故选D。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们累了的时候，阿里能分辨到。A. tell告诉，分辨；B. imagine想象；C. guess猜测；D. say说。根据后文“The camels will sit back down after standing up.(骆驼站起来后又会坐下来)”可知，当骆驼们累了的时候，阿里能分辨到迹象。故选A。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平时，骆驼每骑五次就可以休息一下，但现在，它们连续被骑15次甚至更多。A. recent最近的；B. modern现代的；C. usual寻常的；D. rough艰难的。根据后文“after every five rides, but now, they give 15 or more rides”平常游客少的时候，五次就可以休息一下。故选C。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：平时，骆驼每骑五次就可以休息一下，但现在，它们连续被骑15次甚至更多。A. eat吃；B. rest休息；C. play玩耍；D. train训练。根据后文“With little time to rest”指平时，骆驼每骑五次就可以休息一下，故选B。
54．考查介词短语辨析。句意：平时，骆驼每骑五次就可以休息一下，但现在，它们连续被骑15次甚至更多。A. at a time每次；B. in a way有点儿；C. for a while一会儿；D. in a row一排。根据后文“With little time to rest”可知，游客增多，骆驼一次要连续工作15次甚至更多。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有时间休息，骆驼们大声抗议。A. protesting保护；B. maintaining维持；C. preparing准备；D. accepting接受。根据后文“by making loud sounds”可知，骆驼大声抗议没有时间休息。故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿里的一天从凌晨4:30开始，因为游客们想要在日出时拍照。A. finishes结束；B. begins开始；C. happens发生；D. goes离开。根据后文“for Al Ali at 4:30 in the morning”可知，阿里的一天从凌晨4:30开始，故选B。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿里的一天从凌晨4:30开始，因为游客们想要在日出时拍照。A. sunrise日出；B. once曾经；C. ease减轻；D. dusk黄昏。根据上文“for Al Ali at 4:30 in the morning”可知，游客想要日出时拍照。故选A。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但并不是每个顾客都满意。A. polite礼貌的；B. active活跃的；C. happy快乐的；D. shocked震惊的。根据后文Pablo Corigliano认为这里不够真实，可知并不是每个顾客都满意。故选C。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自阿根廷的Pablo Corigliano希望有一次更真实的体验。“我以为我会穿越沙漠，”他说，“但当我到达时，我看到了一个典型的旅游景点。”A. experiment实验；B. emotion情绪；C. experience经历；D. achievement成就。根据上文“Pablo Corigliano from Argentina was hoping for a more authentic”以及后文他认为这是一个典型的景点，说明他希望有一次更真实的体验。故选C。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：来自阿根廷的Pablo Corigliano希望有一次更真实的体验。“我以为我会穿越沙漠，”他说，“但当我到达时，我看到了一个典型的旅游景点。”A. interesting有趣的；B. colorful华美的；C. tireless不知疲倦的；D. typical典型的。根据上文“but when I arrived, I saw a(n)”中but表示转折，说明他认为这里已经成了典型的景点，并不满意。故选D。
第二节 ( 共10小题:每小题1.5分, 满分15分 )
（2023·重庆·校联考三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The future looks bright for a high school senior in Florida after being accepted into 27 colleges 61 (offer) him a collective $4 million in scholarship money.
For Jonathan Walker, who attends high school in Panama City, the next challenge will be choosing which school 62 (attend). Among his impressive consideration 63 (be) Harvard, Stanford, and MIT.
In addition to his studies, Walker plays for his high school’s football team and is working to develop 64 wrist device to help people 65 are blind and deaf with communication. In school, he hopes to study engineering, an interest 66 (inspire) by a chemistry set his parents gifted to him.
“I found a way to channel that 67 (curious) into science and that soon blossomed into engineering. And then from there I really 68 (learn) that I could use engineering to help people, ” Walker told ABC News. “And so I just became super interested in creating devices that could help disadvantaged communities and people going through difficult problems.”
69 for his key to success, Walker said he owes a lot to his supportive family. “They showed me what it’s like to be 70 (passion) about something,” he said.
【答案】
61．offering 62．to attend 63．are 64．a 65．who/that 66．inspired 67．curiosity 68．learned/learnt 69．As 70．passionate
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了被27所大学录取、前途一片光明的中学毕业生乔纳森·沃克的相关情况。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：佛罗里达州一名中学毕业班学生被27所大学录取，共获得400万美元的奖学金，他的未来看起来很光明。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，offer与逻辑主语colleges之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式offering作后置定语。故填offering。
62．考查动词不定式。句意：对于在巴拿马城上高中的乔纳森·沃克来说，下一个挑战将是选择上哪所学校。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式，构成“疑问词+to do”结构，作动词choosing的宾语。故填to attend。
63．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：哈佛大学、斯坦福大学和麻省理工学院都是他令人印象深刻的考虑对象。根据上下句时态可知，本句描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，分析句子结构可知，本句为全部倒装句，主语是Harvard, Stanford, and MIT，be动词应用are。故填are。
64．考查冠词。句意：除了学习，沃克还为高中足球队效力，并致力于开发一种手腕设备，帮助盲人和聋人进行交流。结合语意可知，此处表示“一种手腕设备”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，wrist是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。
65．考查定语从句。句意：除了学习，沃克还为高中足球队效力，并致力于开发一种手腕设备，帮助盲人和聋人进行交流。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。
66．考查非谓语动词。句意：在学校里，他希望学习工程学，这是被父母送给他的化学套装激励的兴趣。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，inspire与逻辑主语interest之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式inspired作后置定语。故填inspired。
67．考查名词。句意：我找到了一种将这种好奇心转化为科学的方法，并且它很快就发展成了工程学。空处用于指示代词that之后，应用名词curiosity，表示“好奇心”，作动词channel的宾语。故填curiosity。
68．考查时态。句意：从那时起，我真的学会了利用工程学来帮助人们。根据句中could use可知，主句描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词应用过去式形式learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。
69．考查固定结构。句意：至于他成功的关键，沃克说，他在很大程度上要归功于支持他的家人。as for表示“至于，就……方面说来”，符合题意，as置于句首，首字母大写。故填As。
70．考查形容词。句意：“他们向我展示了对某件事充满热情的感觉，”他说。be passionate about sth.为固定短语，表示“对某物有热情”，所以空处应用形容词passionate，与be动词构成系表结构。故填passionate。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．（2023·河南开封·统考三模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Today, the once-in-500-years total solar eclipse (日食) took place. Unfortunate, I was ill and couldn’t observe it myself, so I had to watch it on television. I clearly watched the Diamond Ring, Bailey’s Beads (贝利珠) or solar eclipses in other areas. The sun on TV was originally round, what later became a boat, like a dog taking off a big bite of a biscuit. Gradually, the sun became thin than an eyebrow. Suddenly, Bailey’s Beads and the Diamond Ring jump out naughtily. Then, a large black disk obviously hung in the sky, the sky became as black as night. After the while, the sun slowly recovered. Ah ha, the dog couldn’t swallow the biscuit and spat out.
【答案】1. once-in-500-years→once-in-500-year
2. Unfortunate→Unfortunately
3. or→and
4. what→which
5. 删除taking后面的off
6. thin→thinner
7. jump→jumped
8. hung→hanging
9. while前面的the→a
10. spat后面增加it
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过电视直播观看日食的经历。
【详解】1. 考查名词的数。句意：今天，500年一遇的日全食发生了。此处作修饰total solar eclipse的定语，表示“500年一遇的”，其内部的名词使用单数形式，应用once-in-500-year。故将once-in-500-years改为once-in-500-year。
2. 考查副词。句意：不幸的是，我生病了，不能亲自观看，所以我不得不在电视上观看。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词Unfortunately，意为“不幸的是”。故将Unfortunate改为Unfortunately。
3. 考查连词。句意：我清楚地看到了钻石环、贝利珠和其他地方的日食。结合上下文可知，此处是并列关系，应用连词and连接名词短语，意为“和”。故将or改为and。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：电视上的太阳最初是圆的，后来变成了一条船，就像一只狗咬了一大口饼干。此处是引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词The sun on TV作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故将what改为which。
5. 考查固定短语。句意：电视上的太阳最初是圆的，后来变成了一条船，就像一只狗咬了一大口饼干。此处用固定短语take a bite of，意为“咬一口”，应删除off。故删除taking后面的off。
6. 考查形容词比较级。句意：渐渐地，太阳变得比眉毛还细。根据than和句意可知，此处表示“更细”，应用thin的比较级形式thinner。故将thin改为thinner。
7. 考查时态。句意：突然，贝利珠和钻石环调皮地跳出来。文章整体在叙述过去发生的事情，这句也应用一般过去时，jump应用过去式jumped。故将jump改为jumped。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：接着，一个巨大的黑色圆盘明显地悬挂在天空中，天空变得漆黑如夜。此处是独立主格结构，hang和a large black disk逻辑上是主动关系，当时行为正在发生，应用hang的现在分词形式hanging。故将hung改为hanging。
9. 考查冠词。句意：过了一会儿，太阳慢慢恢复了。此处表示“过了一会儿”，应用固定短语after a while。故将while前面的the改为a。
10. 考查代词。句意：啊哈，狗吞不下饼干，把它吐了出来。分析句子可知，此处spat后缺少宾语，应加上it指代前面的the biscuit。故在spat后面增加it。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72．（2023·广东湛江·校考模拟预测）假定你是某校国际班的班长，你班将于下周三举行乒乓球比赛，请用英语写一则口头通知，内容包括：
1. 比赛时间与地点；
2. 报名截止时间；
3. 参赛者需自带装备。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
参考词汇：乒乓球拍pingpong racket
Good morning, everybody! May I have your attention, please?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all, thank you.
【答案】One possible version:
Good morning, everybody! May I have your attention, please?
In order to enrich our school life and build up our body, a pingpong match will be held next Wednesday. The details are as follows.
First, the match will begin at eight o’clock on next Wednesday morning on the school playground. Second, participants should sign up before 6 pm next Monday in the office of the Student Union. Anyone who is interested in pingpong can sign up for it. More importantly, students taking part should prepare their own equipment in advance, such as a pingpong racket.
That’s all, thank you.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。题目要求考生为班级将于下周三举行的乒乓球比赛写一则口头通知，需介绍比赛时间与地点，说明报名截止时间，提醒参赛者自带装备。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
比赛：match→competition, contest
首先：first→initially, to begin with, in the first place
参加：take part→participate, join
提前：in advance→ahead of time, ahead
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to enrich our school life and build up our body, a pingpong match will be held next Wednesday.
拓展句：A pingpong match will be held next Wednesday so that we can enrich our school life and build up our body.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Anyone who is interested in pingpong can sign up for it. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] More importantly, students taking part should prepare their own equipment in advance, such as a pingpong racket. (运用了现在分词短语taking part作后置定语)
