2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷（二）（全国甲卷）英语
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·全国·一模）Florida Theme Parks and Amusement Parks
Fun Spot America (Two locations: Orlando and Kissimmee)
The two small amusement parks offer two great wooden roller coasters: White Lightning and Mine Blower. They also feature lots of spinning (快速旋转) rides, one of the world’s tallest Skycoasters, go-karts, and other attractions. For 2021, the Orlando Fun Spot America is debuting Sky Hawk, a 90-foot-tall swing ride.
Discovery Cove (Orlando)
SeaWorld Orlando’s sister attraction lets guests get up close and personal with dolphins and other animals for a unique theme park experience. Its somewhat expensive admission price includes all attractions, the swim-with-dolphins experience, meals, and a 14-day pass to either SeaWorld Orlando, Busch Gardens Tampa, or Aquatica water park.
Disney’s Hollywood Studios (Lake Buena Vista)
The smallest of the four Walt Disney World parks, with the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror and the Rock ‘n’ Roller Coaster, Disney’s Hollywood Studios is home to Disney World’s most thrill-packed rides. Two of its more recent additions, Toy Story Land and, especially, Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge, have made Disney’s Hollywood Studios much more popular.
Legoland Florida (Winter Haven)
The delightful Lego-themed park is designed for the 12-and-under set. Among the best things to do at Legoland Florida are Lego Ninjago the Ride, Miniland USA, the funny Lego Movie 4D, and the lovely Cypress Gardens, which is an ode to the park that once stood on the site. For 2021, the park introduced a new 4D movie, Journey to Mythica.
21．What can visitors do in Discovery Cove?
A．Watch a 4D movie. B．Get close to dolphins.
C．Visit Toy Story Land. D．Experience a swing ride.
22．Where is the smallest Walt Disney World park?
A．In Kissimmee. B．In Orlando.
C．In Lake Buena Vista. D．In Winter Haven.
23．Which park is specially built for children?
A．Fun Spot America. B．Discovery Cove.
C．Disney’s Hollywood Studios. D．Legoland Florida.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．D
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国佛罗里达州的主题公园和游乐园。
21．细节理解题。根据第二节中“SeaWorld Orlando’s sister attraction lets guests get up close and personal with dolphins and other animals for a unique theme park experience.”（奥兰多海洋世界的姊妹景点让游客可以近距离接触海豚和其他动物，体验独特的主题公园体验）可知，在Discovery Cove游客能够近距离接触海豚。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三节标题Disney’s Hollywood Studios (Lake Buena Vista)和第三节第一句中“The smallest of the four Walt Disney World parks, with the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror and the Rock ‘n’ Roller Coaster, Disney’s Hollywood Studios is home to Disney World’s most thrill-packed rides.”（迪斯尼的好莱坞电影制片厂是四个迪斯尼世界公园中最小的，有暮光之城恐怖之塔和摇滚过山车，是迪斯尼世界最刺激的游乐设施的所在地。）可知，Disney’s Hollywood Studios是四个迪士尼乐园中最小的一个，在布埃纳维斯塔湖（Lake Buena Vista）。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一节中“The delightful Lego-themed park is designed for the 12-and-under set.”（这个令人愉快的乐高主题公园是为12岁以下孩子设计的。），可知Legoland Florida是专门为孩子设计的。故选D项。
B
（2023秋·重庆·高三重庆巴蜀中学校考阶段练习）The other day I was going through the airport at Ibiza and getting my Spanish exit stamp—a Brexit benefit or drawback depending on how you feel—and the nice passport lady flicked through (浏览) my passport, seeking a rare empty page, and said: “Wow, you have a lot of stamps.” Like a five-year-old, I practically glowed with pride.
Because I do have a lot of stamps. And sometimes I simply like to look at them. Right now, my passport is so full of stamps it is in danger of filling up. However, there is a fair chance that this won’t happen—not because I have any intention of ceasing my travels, but because most countries are moving on from the era of physical stamps. In future our comings and goings will be monitored digitally—and speedily.
This will, of course, be great for shortening airport queues, but it also means we will kiss goodbye to the romance of the exotic (奇异的) stamp, that reminder of the time we crossed from, say, Chile to Bolivia via the Andes and the salt plains. Or that first time we landed in the USA and got one of the simplest stamps of all. The border officer smiled as he stamped my passport and said: “Welcome to America.”
In my decades of travel, I have acquired some seriously—to my mind—exotic and wonderful stamps: Armenia, Madagascar, Greenland. Some of the smallest countries demand entire pages of your passport—looking at you, Cambodia.
Then there are the special stamps to truly remote destinations. My personal favourite is probably the one I got going into the Republic of Mount Athos in northern Greece. It was magnificently beautiful: the double-headed eagle of Byzantium, returned to life and impressed on my passport pages.
It was certainly more cheerful than the stamp I once got from the British embassy in Bangkok, which arranged for my return to the UK from Thailand after I really misbehaved. That stamp said “Impound (扣留) Passport on Arrival in London”. And so they did.
Yet I miss that stamp too.
24．What does the author think of the shift from physical stamps to digital records?
A．Convenient but romance-reducing. B．Eco-friendly but culture-erasing.
C．Modern but artistically inferior. D．Cost-efficient but emotionally hurtful.
25．What does the underlined word “you” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Readers. B．Pages. C．Cambodia. D．Stamps.
26．Why does the author mention the Bangkok stamp?
A．To exhibit the extent of his global travels.
B．To present a less positive travel experience.
C．To highlight his attachment to all his stamps.
D．To reflect on his misbehavior and its consequences.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．My Favorite Passport Stamps
B．The Beauty of Passport Stamps
C．Digital Progress: Passport Stamps at Risk
D．Passport Stamps: Bridging Borders and Cultures
【答案】24．A 25．C 26．C 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要表达作者对护照盖章的怀旧之情。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“In future our comings and goings will be monitored digitally — and speedily.”（在未来，我们的一举一动都将受到数字化的快速监控。）以及第三段中“This will, of course, be great for shortening airport queues, but it also means we will kiss goodbye to the romance of the exotic (奇异的) stamp, that reminder of the time we crossed from, say, Chile to Bolivia via the Andes and the salt plains.”（当然，这将大大缩短机场排队的时间，但这也意味着我们将与异国情调的浪漫印记吻别，这些印记会让我们想起我们从智利穿越安第斯山脉和盐平原来到玻利维亚的时光。）可推知，作者认为转向数字化会带来便利却减少了浪漫感觉。故选A项。
25．词义猜测题。划线单词“Some of the smallest countries demand entire pages of your passport — looking at you, Cambodia.”（一些最小的国家需要你的整页护照——看看你，柬埔寨。）以诙谐的口气引出Cambodia这个国家，虽小但是盖章会占据一整页。由此可知，这里的you指的是Cambodia。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It was certainly more cheerful than the stamp I once got from the British embassy in Bangkok, which arranged for my return to the UK from Thailand after I really misbehaved. That stamp said “Impound (扣留) Passport on Arrival in London”. And so they did.”（这张护照盖章肯定比我曾经从英国驻曼谷大使馆得到的那张护照盖章更令人愉快，因为在我表现不佳后，英国大使馆安排我从泰国返回英国。那枚护照盖章上写着“护照抵达伦敦后被扣押”。他们就这样做了。）以及最后一段“Yet I miss that stamp too.”（然而我也想念那张护照盖章。）可推知，作者提到曼谷护照盖章是为了突出他对所有护照盖章的喜爱。故选C项。
27．主旨大意题。通断全文可知，作者从开头拥有满满的护照印章，到未来数字化之后的伤感，以及对于自己最喜爱的护照印章和有着不愉快经历的印章的怀念，全文突显强调了护照印章之美与作者的怀旧之情。故文章最好的标题是“护照印章的美”。故选B项。
C
（2023·浙江绍兴·统考模拟预测）Top European hotel chains are hiring workers without experience or even a resume as executives admit years of underpaying staff have come back to bite, leaving them unable to meet post-pandemic travel demand.
Thousands of workers left the hospitality industry (酒店业) when international travel shut down during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Many chose not to return, finding better paid employment elsewhere, leaving hoteliers facing a desperate shortage.
Europe’s largest hotelier Accor ACCP. PA is running trial initiatives to recruit people who haven’t previously worked in the industry, Chief Executive Sebastien Bazin said at the Qatar Economic Forum last month.” We tried in Lyon and Bordeaux 10 days ago and this weekend we’re having people interviewed with no resume, no prior job experience and they are hired within 24 hours. The new recruits are given six hours of training and learn on the job,” he said.
In the short term, Accor is filling roles in France with young people and migrants while also limiting services. “It’s students, people coming from North Africa,” Bazin said. “And basically closing restaurants for lunch or opening them only five days a week. There’s no other solution.”
Staff shortages are particularly pressing in Spain and Portugal. Spain’s hospitality industry is 200,000 workers short and Portuguese hotels need at least 15,000 more people to meet growing demand, according to national hospitality associations.
Bazin said that while hotels are only 60 percent or 70 percent occupied they can cope with staff shortages, but the time will come when they’re fully booked.
“In the past, the industry has neither paid enough or focused on developing staff,” Bazin said, “Half of it is that we’ve been blind, we’ve been not paying attention to a lot of people and probably underpaying some people for too long as well,” he said. “So it’s a wake-up call.”
28．What problem is the European hospitality industry facing?
A．Shortage of resources. B．International travel bans.
C．Staffing challenges. D．Dissatisfactory service.
29．What’s the essential reason for the problem?
A．The travel demand is increasing. B．The job is highly demanding.
C．The hospitality industry isn’t developed. D．The staff hasn’t been fairly paid.
30．What needs to be done before someone starts working in Accor at present?
A．Explaining previous work experience. B．Sending the resume in advance.
C．Receiving a six-hour training for the job. D．Going through a competitive interview.
31．Which of the following would Bazin agree with concerning the problem?
A．Hoteliers have been turning a blind eye to the problem.
B．The problem is a reminder that hotel staff deserves attention.
C．The problem is too pressing for hoteliers to address right now.
D．The problem can be solved with the help of students and migrants.
【答案】28．C 29．D 30．C 31．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲的酒店业员工短缺问题及其原因。
28．细节理解题。由文第二段“Thousands of workers left the hospitality industry when international travel shut down during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Many chose not to return, finding better paid employment elsewhere, leaving hoteliers facing a desperate shortage.”（当国际旅行在新冠肺炎疫情期间停止时，成千上万的工人离开了酒店业。许多人选择不回来，在其他地方找到了收入更高的工作，这让酒店经营者面临着严重的短缺。）可知，欧洲的酒店业务主要面临的是职工短缺问题，故选C项。
29．细节理解题。由文第一段“Top European hotel chains are hiring workers without experience or even a resume as executives admit years of underpaying staff have come back to bite, leaving them unable to meet post-pandemic travel demand”（欧洲顶级连锁酒店正在雇佣没有经验甚至没有简历的员工，因为高管们承认，多年来薪酬过低的员工进行反击了，使他们无法满足疫情后的旅行需求）可知，问题的关键原因是员工报酬过低，故选D项。
30．细节理解题。由文第三段最后一句“The new recruits are given six hours of training and learn on the job”（新员工会接受六个小时的培训并在工作中学习）可知，该酒店的员工在开始工作前要先接受六个小时的培训，故选C项。
31．推理判断题。由文最后一段Bazin所说的话“Half of it is that we’ve been blind, we’ve been not paying attention to a lot of people and probably underpaying some people for too long as well”（一半的原因是我们之前一直是盲目的，我们一直没有关注员工，可能对一些人的报酬也过低太久了）可知，他认为应该要多多关注员工，故选B项。
D
（2023·全国·校联考三模）According to Dr. John Swaddle, a professor at the Institute for Integrative Conservation at William & Mary, hundreds of millions of birds die every year from window collisions(碰撞).
However, if you put decals(贴花纸) or colorful stickers outside of your windows, the birds are more likely to see the barrier and therefore avoid it. Remember: never inside your window; always outside of your window.
“Double-glazed(双层的) windows reflect a lot of light, especially when you view them from a slight angle, as a flying bird would do,” Swaddle told Salon. He is the corresponding author of a recent study which tries to figure out how this basic reality of physics impacts on a bird’s experience as it flies near a standard window. For their experiment, researchers had birds perform repeated and controlled flight trials near windows with film(薄膜) products, BirdShades film and Haverkamp film, respectively.
“In our collision avoidance trials, BirdShades increased window avoidance by 47% and the Haverkamp increased avoidance by 39%. But neither product was effective when the films were applied to the internal surface of windows,” the authors concluded.
When breaking down the problem of avoiding window collisions from a bird’s point of view, Swaddle explained, “The light and reflected imagery from the external surface of the glass is sufficient to obscure a film or decal that is stuck to the inner surface from being seen clearly.”
If you want to protect birds from easily avoidable deaths without buying window film products, there are other solutions. Swaddle recommended “pleasing fritted glass that could be used in new construction and which is also bird-friendly”. Besides, he notes that screens can be helpful as well, not only by limiting reflectiveness but by providing birds with a cushion if they make impact. It is also possible to use everyday household objects to signal to birds that there are barriers — netting, bits of string, colorful stickers, and paint. These can all be used to this effect.
32．Which of the following can work to reduce bird window collisions?
A．Choosing double-glazed windows.
B．Avoiding opening windows at night.
C．Covering the inner windows with decals.
D．Sticking decals to the outer side of windows.
33．What did the researchers want to find in the experiment?
A．The bird-friendly film products and glass.
B．The efficient measures of collision avoidance.
C．The bird behaviors when hitting the bright window.
D．The link between light reflection and bird window collisions.
34．What does the underlined word “obscure” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Protect. B．Use. C．Shade. D．Find.
35．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A．Solutions to reducing the window cost.
B．Other ways to avoid bird collisions.
C．Bird-friendly objects to attract birds.
D．Environmentally friendly glass products.
【答案】32．D 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项实验，实验表明在玻璃外面贴薄膜或者贴花纸可以避免鸟撞玻璃，同时还介绍了其他几种避免鸟撞上玻璃的方法。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“However, if you put decals(贴花纸) or colorful stickers outside of your windows, the birds are more likely to see the barrier and therefore avoid it. (然而，如果你在窗外贴上贴纸或彩色贴纸，鸟类更有可能看到障碍物，从而避开障碍物。)”可知，在窗外贴上贴纸或彩色贴纸，鸟类更有可能看到障碍物，从而避开障碍物。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“He is the corresponding author of a recent study which tries to figure out how this basic reality of physics impacts on a bird’s experience as it flies near a standard window. (他是最近一项研究的通讯作者，该研究试图弄清楚这一基本物理现实如何影响鸟类在标准窗口附近飞行时的体验。)”可知，实验的目的是弄清物理现象是如何影响鸟类在靠近标准窗户时的体验的，也就是光的反射和鸟类撞窗之间的联系。故选D。
34．词句猜测题。根据第五段“When breaking down the problem of avoiding window collisions from a bird’s point of view, Swaddle explained, “The light and reflected imagery from the external surface of the glass is sufficient to obscure a film or decal that is stuck to the inner surface from being seen clearly.”(当从鸟的角度分析避免窗户碰撞的问题时，Swaddle解释道，“玻璃外表面的光线和反射图像足以obscure粘在内表面的薄膜或贴花，使其看不清。”)”可知，玻璃外表面的光线和反射图像使得看不清粘在内表面的薄膜或贴花了，所以应该是遮挡住了粘在内表面的薄膜或贴花，所以obscure的意思应该是“遮挡”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If you want to protect birds from easily avoidable deaths without buying window film products, there are other solutions. Swaddle recommended “pleasing fritted glass that could be used in new construction and which is also bird-friendly”. Besides, he notes that screens can be helpful as well, not only by limiting reflectiveness but by providing birds with a cushion if they make impact. It is also possible to use everyday household objects to signal to birds that there are barriers — netting, bits of string, colorful stickers, and paint. These can all be used to this effect. (如果你想在不购买窗膜产品的情况下保护鸟类免受容易避免的死亡，还有其他解决方案。Swaddle推荐“令人愉悦的玻璃料，可以用于新建筑，也对鸟类友好”。此外，他指出，屏幕也很有帮助，不仅可以限制反射性，还可以在鸟类产生影响时为其提供缓冲。也可以用日常生活用品向鸟类发出有障碍物的信号——网、绳子、彩色贴纸和油漆。这些都可以用来达到这个效果。)”可知，最后一段中Swaddle推荐了避免鸟类撞窗死亡的其他几种有效方法，比如使用家里的日常物品向鸟发出信号等。故选B。
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江绍兴·统考模拟预测）Who would win in a fight, a lion or a tiger? Well, if size has anything to do with the matter, the tiger would win. 36 They are also fast. They can sprint as fast as 40 miles per hour for short distances and leap as far as 30 feet horizontally. This makes for an extremely dangerous attack. You might not think that such large, fast, and ferocious creatures need help to survive, but they do. 37
Tigers are hunted for many reasons. People have long valued the famous striped skins. Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world, they are worth around $10,000 on the black-market. 38 Many Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties.
39 However, perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, but over the past 100 years, tigers have lost 93% of their historic range.
A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tiger requires. Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles. Tigers are also both territorial and solitary (独居的) animals. 40 Since tigers need so much territory, it is difficult for conservationists to acquire land enough to support a large population of tigers. Even when these considerable spaces are provided, it is even more difficult to move around such large areas to prevent the illegal hunting. There is no easy way to preserve the wild tiger population without making large sacrifices.
A．The tiger is an endangered species.
B．Restoring the world’s tiger population is possible.
C．Other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny.
D．That’s because tigers are the largest of all cat species.
E．Traditional Chinese medicine use tiger bones in some prescriptions.
F．This means they generally do not share with other tigers the areas they claim.
G．Humans have done considerable damage to the tiger population through hunting.
【答案】36．D 37．A 38．C 39．G 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍老虎濒临灭绝及其原因。
36．根据上文“Well, if size has anything to do with the matter, the tiger would win. (好吧，如果大小和这件事有关系的话，老虎会赢。)”可推测后文是说老虎会赢的原因，选项D “那是因为老虎是所有猫科动物中体型最大的。”符合题意，并且选项中的“the largest”呼应上文的“size”，故选D。
37．根据上文“You might not think that such large, fast, and ferocious creatures need help to survive, but they do. (你可能认为如此庞大、快速、凶猛的生物不需要帮助也能生存，但它们确实需要。) ”可推测下文说明老虎这么凶猛的生物也需要帮助的原因，A选项“老虎是濒临灭绝的物种。”符合题意，故选A。
38．根据上文“Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world, they are worth around $10,000 on the black-market. (虽然现在交易虎皮在世界上大部分地区都是非法的，但在黑市上它们的价值约为1万美元。) ”可推测下文也是讲用老虎的其他部分赚钱，C选项“老虎的其他部位也能卖个好价钱。”紧扣上文，并且选项中的“Other parts”照应下文的“various tiger parts”，故选C。
39．根据下文“However, perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, but over the past 100 years, tigers have lost 93% of their historic range. (然而，也许更多的损害是由于栖息地的破坏造成的。老虎曾经广泛分布在亚洲，但在过去的100年里，老虎已经失去了93%的历史范围。) ”可知是对比上文的打猎造成的伤害，G选项“人类通过捕猎对老虎的数量造成了相当大的损害。”符合语境，故选G。
40．根据上文“Tigers are also both territorial and solitary (独居的) animals. (老虎也是有领地意识和独居的动物。) ”和下文“Since tigers need so much territory, it is difficult for conservationists to acquire land enough to support a large population of tigers. (由于老虎需要如此多的领地，自然资源保护主义者很难获得足够的土地来养活大量的老虎。)”可推测设空处是关于老虎需要领地的话题，F选项“这意味着它们通常不会与其他老虎共享自己的领地。”承上启下，符合题意，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·河南开封·统考三模）One day I had heard whispers at home about moving to New York. But I thought that can’t be 41 and had nothing to do with me. However, a few days later, my family and I 42 into our Buick, and we were on our way to Long Island. How could I be 43 at the age of 13 when my friends meant so much?
We were moving into a new 44 , and in just days, it was time to go to a new school, Freeport High School. Oh, that first day of walking into a “foreign” classroom and being 45 .
My junior year at Freeport High School, I wanted to become a cheerleader. How 46 ! The way those white, pleated skirts 47 back and forth when the girls walked, not to mention the red sweaters and big megaphones (扩音器). Most of all, 48 , it was the amazing red winter jackets with fur-lined hoods (兜帽). It would be great to be one of the 49 and popular. I went to practices, and then came 50 . I carried my cheerleader shorts and blouse in a bag while other girls had their outfits on hangers (衣架), ironed to 51 .
When the moment arrived, my face 52 and my legs trembled. It was impossible to 53 any kind of smile. I knew they wouldn't call my name for the 54 . On the bus ride home, though, I sat next to another girl who also had tried out, and we both 55 we could accept being rejected.
After opening my front door, my mother’s question sent me 56 onto the floor. It was difficult to recover because I had wanted so 57 to be a cheerleader.
I didn’t know that three years later, I would 58 my college cheerleading team at SUNY New Paltz. The next day, I ran to the town jeweler to finally buy that megaphone necklace that 59 on my neck to this day. If only we could look into the future to see that some of our 60 would be achieved.
41．A．real B．easy C．new D．open
42．A．looked B．packed C．broke D．brought
43．A．driving B．cheering C．moving D．lying
44．A．school B．year C．classroom D．life
45．A．accompanied byB．stared at C．played with D．looked up
46．A．vital B．complex C．inviting D．free
47．A．loosened B．flashed C．folded D．swung
48．A．though B．whatever C．somehow D．therefore
49．A．advanced B．learned C．shocked D．aged
50．A．tryouts B．girls C．coaches D．events
51．A．fashion B．perfection C．novelty D．standard
52．A．reddened B．shone C．froze D．thinned
53．A．hide B．force C．remember D．trust
54．A．school B．bus C．town D．team
55．A．acknowledged B．stood C．convinced D．pretended
56．A．crying B．struggling C．dancing D．embarrassing
57．A．obviously B．badly C．naturally D．frequently
58．A．contact B．evaluate C．make D．dismiss
59．A．fades B．works C．transforms D．remains
60．A．earnings B．promotion C．desires D．certification
【答案】
41．A 42．B 43．C 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．A 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．D 56．A 57．B 58．C 59．D 60．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中时期全家搬到了长岛，进入新的高中，开始新的生活。在新高中，作者想成为一名啦啦队队员，但是，参加选拔失败了。当时的作者十分崩溃。当时作者也没有想到过后来能在大学里实现这个愿望，感慨“如果我们能展望未来，看到我们的一些愿望将会实现就好了。”
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我认为这不可能是真的，与我无关。A. real真实的，真正的；B. easy简单的，容易的；C. new新的；D. open开放的。分析前后文语境可知，“that”指代前文“One day I had heard whispers at home about moving to New York.(有一天，我在家里听到了关于搬到纽约的传闻。)”提及的“搬家传闻”，对此作者不相信是真的。故选A项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，几天后，我和家人挤进了我们的别克车，我们正在去长岛的路上。A. looked看；B. packed挤满，收拾；C. broke破坏，打破；D. brought带来。根据后文“we were on our way to Long Island(我们在去长岛的路上)”可知，作者一家踏上了搬去长岛的路途，因此这里应是“pack into”，意为“挤进了别克车里”。故选B项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我13岁的时候，我的朋友们对我来说意义重大，我怎么能搬家呢？A. driving开车，驱使；B. cheering欢呼，喝彩；C. moving移动，搬家；D. lying说谎，平躺。与前文的“moving to New York(搬去纽约)”相呼应，这里应是C项“moving”，用在句中表达“搬家”含义。故选C项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们开始了新的生活，几天后，就到了去一所新学校弗里波特高中的时候了。A. school学校；B. year年，年份；C. classroom教室；D. life生活，生命。根据前文“we were on our way to Long Island(我们在去长岛的路上)”可知，作者一家搬到了新的地方，开始了新的生活。“move into a new life”，意为“开始新的生活”。故选D项。
45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：哦，第一天走进“陌生的”教室，被人盯着看。A. accompanied by连同，伴随；B. stared at盯着看，凝视；C. played with玩耍；D. looked up查找，抬头看，好转。根据常识判断，大家都会盯着新同学看。故选B项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么吸引人啊！A. vital至关重要的，必不可少的；B. complex复杂的；C. inviting诱人的，吸引人的；D. free自由的，免费的。根据后文作者的描述“The way those white, pleated skirts(那些白色的百褶裙)”可推知，她对此是很喜欢的，拉拉队员的身份很吸引她。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女孩们走路时，那些白色的百褶裙来回摆动，更不用说那些红色的毛衣和大扩音器了。A. loosened使变松，解开；B. flashed闪光，闪耀；C. folded折叠；D. swung摇摆。根据前文“The way those white, pleated skirts(那些白色的百褶裙)”并结合常识可推知，百褶裙在跳操和走路时会摇摆，晃来晃去。故选D项。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，最重要的是，这是一件带毛皮衬里风帽的令人惊叹的红色冬季夹克。A. though尽管，然而；B. whatever一点儿都（不）；C. somehow不知怎地；D. therefore因此。根据本句开头“Most of all(最重要的是)”可推知，该句讲述的内容比前文更重要，有转折含义存在。故选A项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果能成为一个高级水平的、受欢迎的人，那就太好了。A. advanced高级的，高阶的；B. learned博学的；C. shocked震惊的；D. aged年迈的。根据后文“popular”可知，受欢迎的啦啦队员一般都表演的很好，此处可用“advanced”表达“高级水平”含义。故选A项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去训练，然后去选拔赛。A. tryouts选拔赛；B. girls女孩；C. coaches教练；D. events事件，赛事。根据常识判断，要进入啦啦队需要参加选拔。故选A项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把我的啦啦队短裤和上衣装在一个袋子里，而其他女孩把她们的衣服挂在衣架上，熨得恰到好处。A. fashion时尚；B. perfection完美；C. novelty新颖，新奇的事物（或人、环境）；D. standard标准。根据前文“other girls had their outfits on hangers(其他女孩把衣服挂在衣架上)”可推知，挂在衣架上的衣服一般是熨烫过的，熨烫得工整完美。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当那一刻到来时，我的脸僵住了，双腿颤抖。A. reddened使变红；B. shone照耀，闪耀；C. froze冻僵，冷藏；D. thinned使变淡，稀少。根据后文“my legs trembled(我的腿在颤抖)”可推知，作者很紧张，脸部僵硬。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：强颜欢笑是不可能的。A. hide躲藏，隐藏；B. force强迫，迫使；C. remember记住，记忆；D. trust相信，信任。根据前文“my legs trembled(我的腿在颤抖)”可推知，作者很紧张，不可能强迫自己面露笑容。故选B项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道他们不会叫我入队。A. school学校；B. bus公共汽车；C. town城镇；D. team团队。根据前文“When the moment arrived, my face ____12_____ and my legs trembled. It was impossible to____13 ___ any kind of smile.(当那一刻到来时，我的脸僵住了，双腿颤抖。强颜欢笑是不可能的。)”可知，作者已经预想到自己的“选拔失败”，不能成为啦啦队队员。“call one’s name for the team”，可意为“入队成为队员”。故选D项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在回家的公交车上，我坐在另一个同样尝试过的女孩旁边，我们都假装可以接受被拒绝。A. acknowledged承认，认可；B. stood站立；C. convinced使相信；D. pretended假装。根据后文“It was difficult to recover(很难恢复)”可知，作者当时实际上是无法接受自己成为不了啦啦队队员的，因此，在车上是假装出坦然接受。故选D项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：打开前门后，母亲的问题让我哭得倒在地板上。A. crying哭泣，呼喊；B. struggling斗争，奋斗；C. dancing跳舞；D. embarrassing使尴尬。根据后文“It was difficult to recover(很难恢复)”可知，作者难以接受自己的失败，因此，当妈妈问起时，哭得厉害。故选A项。
57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很难恢复过来，因为我非常想成为一名啦啦队队员。A. obviously明显地；B. badly恶劣地，非常；C. naturally自然地；D. frequently频繁地。根据前文“I went to practices(我去训练)”可推知，作者参加选拔赛之前会努力练习，因此，她非常想成为一名啦啦队队员。故选B项。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道三年后，我会加入纽约州立大学新帕尔茨分校的大学啦啦队。A. contact联系；B. evaluate评价，评估；C. make制造，使成功，成为；D. dismiss解散，解雇。“make my college cheerleading team”可意为“成为大学啦啦队队员”。故选C项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我跑到镇上的珠宝商那里，终于买了那条一直戴在我脖子上的扩音器项链。A. fades变淡，褪色；B. works工作；C. transforms改变，转化；D. remains保留，留在。根据“to this day(直到今天)”可知，作者一直戴着这条项链。故选D项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能展望未来，看到我们的一些愿望将会实现就好了。A. earnings收入；B. promotion晋升，促销；C. desires愿望，欲望；D. certification证明，资质。根据后文“be achieved(被实现)”可推知，愿望实现。故选C项。
第二节 ( 共10小题:每小题1.5分, 满分15分 )
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
（2023·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校考一模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the summer of 2022, a 26-year-old Shanghai resident 61 ( name) Chen Jiaorong has been walking along Julu Road in Shanghai’s downtown area once or twice a week, looking around and picking up“garbage”. After her action was noticed online, she was described by others 62 a “stooper”.
The word “stoop” means “to bend forward”, 63 in the United States, it also refers to a platform or entrance stairway to a house. The term “stooper”was coined in the US after a lot of people put their used or underused 64 (belong) in front of their doorsteps to be taken away for free by those in need. Later, “stooping” was extended to mean “picking up abandoned items and 65 (recycle) them”.
As the first “stooper” in China, Chen had 66 (she) own approach. She picked unused goods to help find suitable new owners for some items. When she 67 (spot) such abandoned goods, she put a pair of eyeball-shaped stickers on them before publishing notes on her social media accounts, and guiding others 68 ( pick) them up from the streets.
Although “stooping” is a 69 ( relative) new word in China, now, people are gradually advocating 70 savings-based consumption and environment-friendly lifestyle instead of blindly pursuing luxurious expense. And more young people are joining the ranks of “stooping”
【答案】
61．named 62．as 63．but/while 64．belongings 65．recycling 66．her 67．spotted 68．to pick 69．relatively 70．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在物资极其丰富的今天，北上广等一线大城市的年轻人中，有一种stooping的文化正悄然盛行。参与 stooping的年轻人被称为“stooper”或“垃圾猎人”。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：自从2022年夏天开始，一个名叫陈娇蓉的26岁的上海居民，经常会在上海市中心的巨鹿路上一周走一到两次，四处看看并捡起“垃圾”。此处name作为后置定语，修饰名词resident，之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填named。
62．考查介词。句意：在她的行为在网上被注意到后，其他人称她为“垃圾猎人”。be described as被称作……。故填as。
63．考查连词。句意：“stoop”一词的意思是向前弯曲，但在美国，它也指通往房子的平台或人口楼梯。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词。故填but/while。
64．考查名词的数。句意：“stoop”一词是在美国创造的，因为很多人把他们使用过或未充分利用的物品放在家门口，然后被有需要的人免费带走。形容词underused后接名词形式。名词belonging常用复数，表示“所有物”作宾语。故填belongings。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：后来“stoop”被扩展为“捡起废弃的物品并回收利用”。mean doing“意味着……”。故填recycling。
66．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：作为中国第一个“垃圾猎人”，陈有她自己的方法。修饰名词approach，前用形容词性物主代词。故填her。
67．考查谓语动词。句意：当她发现这些被遗弃的物品时，她在上面贴了一对眼球形状的贴纸，然后在她的社交媒体账户上发布注释，并引导其他人从街上捡起这些物品。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。spot（发现）的过去式为spotted。故填spotted。
68．考查非谓语动词。句意：当她发现这些被遗弃的物品时，她在上面贴了一对眼球形状的贴纸，然后在她的社交媒体账户上发布注释，并引导其他人从街上捡起这些物品。guide sb. to do sth.意为“指导某人做某事”。故填to pick。
69．考查副词。句意：虽然“stooping”在中国是一个相对较新的词，但现在，人们逐渐提倡以储蓄为基础的消费和环保的生活方式，而不是盲目追求奢侈的消费。形容词new 前用副词形式。relatively“相对地”。故填relatively。
70．考查冠词。句意：虽然“stooping”在中国是一个相对较新的词，但现在，人们逐渐提倡一种以储蓄为基础的消费和环保的生活方式，而不是盲目追求奢侈的消费。名词consumption为可数名词，泛指，且形容词savings-based发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
71．（2023·贵州遵义·统考三模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误; 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:
2. 只允许修改 10处, 多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
I first started writing poems in high school, but it were not very good. I just write down words without thinking about their meanings. When I turned nineteen, I was pleasing to go to a poetry class at the university on every day. It helped me focus on that I wanted to achieve through writing. At the same time, my teacher invited me join a poetry club, where we would all recite our poems out and offer different opinion. This not only helped me become more confident in speak in front of audience, and I also gained a better understanding of pace. The biggest thing I learned was to take a deeply breath and not to rush it.
【答案】1.it→they
2.write→wrote
3.pleasing→pleased
4.去掉every前面的on
5.that→what
6.me后加to
7.opinion→opinions
8.speak→speaking
9.and→but
10.deeply→deep
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述“我”在老师的帮助下加入了诗歌俱乐部，学会了写诗的故事。
【小题1】考查代词。句意：我高中开始写诗，但是写的诗不是很好。此处指代poems, 用复数代词作主语，故将 it 改为they。
【小题2】考查时态。句意：我只是把单词写下来而不考虑它们的意思。根据语境, 本文是在回忆“我”过去的经历，故用一般过去时 wrote。故write改为wrote。
【小题3】考查非谓语动词。句意: 当我十九岁的时候，我很高兴每天都去上大学的诗歌课。表达“我”的心情，我感到愉悦，用 pleased,。故pleasing 改为 pleased。
【小题4】考查介词。句意：当我十九岁的时候，我很高兴每天都去上大学的诗歌课。every day单独作时间状语,，不需介词on。故去掉 every之前的on。
【小题5】考查宾语从句。句意：这帮助我专注于我想通过写诗实现的目标。此处为 focus on 后的宾语从句，用what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作achieve的宾语，指事物。故that改为what。
【小题6】考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，我的老师邀请我加入一个诗歌俱乐部，在那里我们都会背诵我们的诗歌，并提出不同的意见。 invite sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，表示邀请某人做某事。故me后加to。
【小题7】考查名词单复数。句意：与此同时，我的老师邀请我加入一个诗歌俱乐部，在那里我们都会背诵我们的诗歌，并提出不同的意见。different后需要名词的复数形式。故opinion改为opinions。
【小题8】考查非谓语动词。句意：这不仅让我在演讲时更加自信，也让我对语速有了更好的理解。作介词in的宾语应用动名词。故speak改为speaking。
【小题9】 考查并列连词。句意: 这不仅让我在演讲时更加自信，也让我对语速有了更好的理解。 not only…but also表示“不但……而且”，故and改为but。
【小题10】考查形容词。句意：我学到的最重要的一点就是深呼吸和不要着急。用形容词修饰名词breath作定语。故deeply改为deep。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72．（2023·河南开封·统考三模）下周你班英语课课前2分钟口语自由表达的主题是“Freezing three feet is not a day’s cold.”，请你准备一篇英语短文，内容如下：
1.简述你对主题的理解；
2.举例说明。
注意：
1.词数应为100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Freezing three feet is not a day’s cold
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【答案】
Freezing three feet is not a day’s cold
The famous saying tells us everything that happens has its own potential, whether in a positive or negative sense. Personally, we should be careful to do anything that is right and stick to it.
I have a preference for the erhu. At the beginning, out of curiosity I practiced playing it every day, earning much praise from my mother. Later, the boring training made me stop for long. Observing what I changed, my mother told me Rome wasn’t built in a day. My teacher also showed me his five fingers with thick calluses. I realized that only through a lot of hard work could my teacher play such beautiful music. Then I silently took out the erhu, and seriously practiced again.
【导语】本文是开放性作文。要求考生写一篇主题是“Freezing three feet is not a day’s cold.”的英语短文，参加下周班级英语课课前2分钟口语自由表达。
【详解】1.词汇积累
就本人而言：personally→as far as I’m concerned
坚持：stick to→persist in
更喜欢：have a preference for→prefer
认真地：seriously→carefully
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At the beginning, out of curiosity I practiced playing it every day, earning much praise from my mother.
拓展句：At the beginning, out of curiosity I practiced playing it every day, which earned much praise from my mother.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Personally, we should be careful to do anything that is right and stick to it.（由that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Observing what I changed, my mother told me Rome wasn’t built in a day.（由what引导的宾语从句和省略连词that引导的宾语从句）
