富平县2023届高三摸底考试
英语
第I卷(选择题 共100分)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to buy?
A. Some paper. B. A book. C. Some pictures.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. On a race course. B. At a crosswalk. C. At a swimming pool.
3. What will the woman do?
A. Have an interview. B. Drive faster. C. Take a test.
4. How will the speakers go to the exhibition?
A. By car. B. By bicycle. C. By subway.
5. What time is it now?
A. 8:30. B. 8:00. C. 8:45.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers decide to do this weekend?
A. Watch a hockey game.
B. Visit a hockey professional.
C. Join a hockey team.
7. Who was a professional hockey player?
A. John B. The girl’s dad. C. The girl’s brother.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man say sorry to the woman?
A. He can’t help her. B. He can’t remember her. C. He can’t chat with her.
9. What does the man assume the woman wants to be?
A. A teacher. B. A secretary. C. A professor.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What kind of flowers does the man order?
A. A dozen of red lotus and some yellow carnations.
B. A dozen of red carnations only.
C. A dozen of red carnations and some yellow lotus.
11. What does the man require the woman to do at last?
A. Call his mother before delivering the flowers.
B. Help him write a letter.
C. Take down the information about his address.
12. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man will pay in cash.
B. The flowers are for the man’s mom.
C. The flowers will be delivered to the man’s home.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers now?
A. In Spain. B. In Mexico. C. In the US.
14. How is the woman feeling?
A. Nervous. B. Homesick. C. Disappointed.
15. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Watch a Mexican film. B. Talk to local people. C. Have some Spanish food.
16. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Friends. C. Brother and sister.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker do well in when she first started to learn French?
A. Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Writing.
18. Why did the speaker go to France?
A. To settle down there. B. To continue her study. C. To go sightseeing
19. What can we know about the speaker when she arrived in France?
A. She easily found a place to live in.
B. She found her French excellent.
C. She had trouble understanding French.
20. What is the most important in learning a language according to the speaker?
A. Knowing a large number of words.
B. Mastering some grammar rules.
C. Communicating with native speakers.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are a few impressive balloon displays.
Bristol International Balloon Fiesta
Starting in 1979, the Bristol International Balloon Fiesta in the UK is an annual balloon festival kicking off at the start of August for four days. Stealing a little bit of the attention, the RAF’s Red Arrows also squeeze in a sky performance just to keep things interesting.
Albuquerque Balloon Festival
Starting off with just 13 balloons in 1972, this 9 day-long October event now pulls in 550 balloons. That makes Albuquerque, New Mexico, home to the biggest hot air balloon festival in the world.
While you can jump in a basket any day of the week, take part in the photo contest or listen to live music, Mass Ascension days are the best ones to drop by.
Saga International Balloon Fiesta
In early November, by the Kase River in Japan, over a million people and 100 balloons touch down for the Saga International Balloon Fiesta. Going strong for over 40 years, it’s an annual showcase of the best balloon creations.
The event is entirely free and includes access to the Hot Air Balloon School where you can learn what it takes to run a balloon.
QuickChek New Jersey Festival of Ballooning
Further north at the Solberg Airport in Readington, New Jersey, you’ll find the QuickChek New Jersey Festival of Ballooning. Over the last weekend in July, it runs a schedule of live music and special shape gatherings. But not just about the balloon, this festival helps you blow off your own steam with sessions of stretch classes and a 5-kilometre run alongside the balloons too.
1. What is special about Albuquerque Balloon Festival?
A. It’s free of charge.
B. It’s the largest globally.
C. It’s the oldest.
D. It lasts the longest.
2. Which festival can you attend in Asia?
A. Albuquerque Balloon Festival.
B. Bristol International Balloon Fiesta.
C. Saga International Balloon Fiesta.
D. QuickChek New Jersey Festival of Ballooning.
3. What can visitors do at the QuickChek New Jersey Festival of Ballooning?
A. Enjoy live music. B. Run a balloon.
C. Blow up balloons. D. Take part in a contest.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个精彩的气球节，包括节日的时间、地点以及活动项目等。
【详解】1． 细节理解题。根据 Albuquerque Balloon Festival 部分中“That makes Albuquerque, New Mexico, home to the biggest hot air balloon festival in the world.(这使得新墨西哥州的阿尔伯克基成为世界上最大的热气球节的发源地。)”可知，Albuquerque Balloon Festival是世界上规模最大的气球节。故选B。
2． 细节理解题。根据Saga International Balloon Fiesta部分的“In early November, by the Kase River in Japan, over a million people and 100 balloons touch down for the Saga International Balloon Fiesta. (11月初，在日本的凯斯河，超过100万人和100个气球降落参加国际气球嘉年华。)”可知，Saga International Balloon Fiesta在亚洲举办，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据QuickChek New Jersey Festival of Ballooning 部分中“it runs a schedule of live music and special shape gatherings(它安排了现场音乐和特殊的聚会)”可知，人们可以在新泽西州的热气球节上听现场音乐。故选A。
B
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is a name that every lover of English literature will always remember and cherish. He is the pen father of the extraordinary detective Sherlock Holmes and a number of detective stories.
Arthur chose to go to medical field and become a surgeon from the University of Edinburgh, and this is the place where Arthur met a person who influenced him to become a writer. It was one of his teachers Dr. Joseph Bell who was master at observation, logic, detection and diagnosis. All these qualities were later found in the character of the celebrated detective Sherlock Holmes.
1888 was a significant year that rocketed Doyle to fame with his novel which was named as “A Study in Scarlet” in which he introduced his two immortal characters—Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson. The story “The Sign of Four” was instrumental in establishing Sherlock Holmes and Arthur Conan Doyle in literature. The writer tried to open a practice in Paris but not a single patient came to him, which proved to be a blessing in disguise. It gave him a lot of time to think. And it was here that he met an illustrator named Sydney Paget who created the image of Sherlock Holmes which captured the minds of the readers and made the detective famous all over.
Doyle’s next creation was the delightfully violent Professor Challenger. “The Lost World” which involved Professor Challenger was an immediate success. Finally, because of his wife’s illness, Doyle decided to devote his life to his previous work rather than writing. This was the time when he decided to end the stories of Sherlock Holmes, which he did in “The Final Problem”.
The great Arthur Conan Doyle died at the age of 71 in 1930. He has left a legacy (遗产) to last us a lifetime and is still alive through his books and stories.
4. What can we know about Conan Doyle from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was a doctor in his early age.
B. He is the pen father of detective stories.
C. All the qualities of his books came from his teacher.
D. His teacher recommended him to write detective story.
5. Which book made Conan Doyle a hit overnight?
A. The Lost World. B. The Sign of Four.
C. The Final Problem. D. A Study in Scarlet.
6. What does the underlined phrase “a blessing in disguise” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Facts speak louder than words. B. Practice makes perfect.
C. Behind bad luck comes good luck. D. Failure is the mother of success.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Sherlock Holmes: a selfless person.
B. Detective stories: the mainstream of reading.
C. Sherlock Holmes: a famous detective writer.
D. Detective stories: a big fortune for Sherlock Holmes.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇为记叙文。文章主要讲述了侦探小说家亚瑟•柯南•道尔爵士的生活经历及其著名小说。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二“Arthur chose to go to medical field and become a surgeon from the University of Edinburgh, and this is the place where Arthur met a person who influenced him to become a writer.(亚瑟选择了医学领域，并在爱丁堡大学成为了一名外科医生，在那里亚瑟遇到了一个影响他成为作家的人。)”可知，亚瑟早期曾经是一名医生。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “1888 was a significant year that rocketed Doyle to fame with his novel which was named as “A Study in Scarlet” in which he introduced his two immortal characters—Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson.( 1888年是意义重大的一年，道尔凭借小说《血字的研究》一举成名。在小说中，他介绍了他的两个不朽角色——夏洛克·福尔摩斯和华生医生。)”可知，道尔凭借其小说“A Study in Scarlet”一举成名。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前“The writer tried to open a practice in Paris but not a single patient came to him,(作者试图在巴黎开一家诊所，但没有一个病人来找他，)”以及划线词后“It gave him a lot of time to think. And it was here that he met an illustrator named Sydney Paget who created the image of Sherlock Holmes which captured the minds of the readers and made the detective famous all over.(这给了他很多时间去思考。正是在这里，他遇到了一位名叫西德尼·佩吉特的插画家。佩吉特创作了夏洛克·福尔摩斯的形象，吸引了读者的注意力，使这位侦探名声大震。)”可知，起初亚瑟试图在巴黎开一家诊所，但没有一个病人来找他，而这也刚好给了给了他很多时间思考，而且他正是在这里遇到了让侦探夏洛克•福尔摩斯名声大震的一位名叫西德尼•佩吉特的插画家。)”，所以此处划线词的意思是说亚瑟因祸得福。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is a name that every lover of English literature will always remember and cherish. He is the pen father of the extraordinary detective Sherlock Holmes and a number of detective stories.(阿瑟·柯南·道尔爵士是每个英国文学爱好者都会永远记住和珍惜的名字。他是杰出侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的笔父，并创作了许多侦探小说。)”可知第一段总体概述阿瑟•柯南•道尔的影响及成就，文章最后一段“The great Arthur Conan Doyle died at the age of 71 in 1930. He has left a legacy (遗产) to last us a lifetime and is still alive through his books and stories.(1930年，伟大的阿瑟·柯南·道尔去世，享年71岁。他留下了一份遗产，让我们一辈子受益，通过他的书和故事，他仍然活着。)”进一步指出阿瑟•柯南•道尔虽然去世了，但是他的影响永远存在，文章二三四段主要讲述了他的生平经历以及著名作品的情况，由此可知本文主要给我们介绍了侦探小说家亚瑟•柯南•道尔爵士的生活经历及其著名小说，所以C项作为文章标题最为合适。故选C项。
C
If you’re tired and find yourself with that rare spare chunk of time, should you he using it to swing kettlcbells or get more sleep? It’s a question most people have faced. Who isn’t a little sleep-deprived (被剥夺的) Who doesn’t need more exercise? Who has time for both?
The answer is a bit complicated. Obviously, both sleep and exercise are vital, and ideally, adults should make time for both. Getting the recommended seven hours a night is important for metabolic (新陈代谢的) function, weight regulation and brain health. Inadequate amount or quality of sleep is associated with both short-and long-term poor health measures, increasing the risk for heart disease, memory problems, etc. Consistent physical exercise yields similar benefits and, just like not getting enough sleep, failing to exercise can have serious health consequences. Exercise can improve deep sleep, and sleeping better enhanced the ability to exercise the next day.
Because both are so critical for health medical experts hesitate to say one is more important than the other. However, there is a key differentiator (区分点) between the two: “We have a biological need to sleep — it’s a behavior we must do every day,” says Christopher. “Physical activity, on the other hand, is definitely beneficial for health, but being less active for a few days here and there doesn’t have the same negative health impact as having stall sleep for days.” In other words, skipping workouts, while not ideal, won’t stop you from operating, whereas being sleep deprived definitely will. Too little sleep or poor-quality sleep can impact mood, au d increase anxiety and depression symptoms.
In order to stay somewhat active without sacrificing sleep, the trick may be to look for non-traditional ways to get physical activity. Washing dishes, making beds, keeping the kid in their baby carriage and going for a quick jog—it all counts, and none of it requires skipping sleep.
8. What’s the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Tips on how to balance exercise and sleep.
B. A common problem that occurs in daily life.
C. The relationship between sleep and workout
D. The ways to get more sleep instead of exercise.
9. According to the passage, what risk may adults face if they lack enough sleep?
A. Hair loss. B. Lung cancer.
C. Total blindness. D. Heart failure.
10. What can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A. Workouts mater more than enough sleep.
B. More physical activities ban lead to health problems
C. Sleeping too little for long can surely cause consequences.
D. Being less active for long has more negative impact than lack of sleep.
11. Which of the following seems to be favored by the author?
A. Working out by doing housework.
B. Giving up sleep to go for a quick jog.
C. Getting enough exercise before sleeping.
D. Leaving the baby alone in their baby carriage.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本篇是议论文。主要讲述在不牺牲睡眠的情况下如何进行造当锻练。
【详解】1.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“If you’re tired and find yourself with that rare spare chunk of time, should you he using it to swing keittlcbells or get more sleep? It’s a question most people have faced. Who isn’t a little sleep-deprived (被剥夺的) ？Who doesn’t need more exercise? Who has time for both?(如果你累了，发现自己有一段难得的空闲时间，你是应该用它来荡秋千，还是多睡一会儿?这是大多数人都面临过的问题。谁不缺点睡眠？谁不需要多运动？谁有时间做这两件事呢?)”可知，本段讲述了一些比较普遍存在的问题，是人们在目常生活中常遇到的，故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inadequate amount or quality of sleep is associated with both short-and long-term poor health measures, increasing the risk for heart disease, memory problems, etc.(睡眠时间或质量不足都与短期和长期的健康状况不佳有关，会增加患心脏病、记忆力问题等的风险。)”可知，睡眠不足或睡眠质量不佳与短期和长期不佳的健康状况都有关，还会增加患心脏病和出现记忆问题的风险，因此可知，如果缺乏睡眠，成年人可能会面临心力衰竭的危险。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“'Physical activity, on the other hand, is definitely beneficial for health, but being less active for a few days here and there doesn’t have the same negative health impact as having stall sleep for days.' In other words, skipping workouts, while not ideal, won’t stop you from operating, whereas being sleep deprived definitely will. Too little sleep or poor-quality sleep can impact mood, au d increase anxiety and depression symptoms.(“另一方面，体育活动肯定对健康很有益，但几天不那么活跃，对健康没有像几天睡眠停滞那样的负面影响。”换句话说，不锻炼，尽管不理想，不会阻止你运行，而睡眠被剥夺肯定会。睡眠不足或睡眠质量差会影响情绪，因此会增加焦虑和抑郁症状。)”可知，短期不锻炼并不会对人的健康造成太大的危害，但如果连续几天睡眠不足或者睡眠质量差可能会影响情绪、也会增加焦虑、抑郁等症状，因此可推断出长期的睡眠不足肯定会对人的健康有很大的影响，故选C。
4. 推理判断题。从文章最后一段“In order to stay somewhat active without sacrificing sleep, the trick may be to look for non-traditional ways to get physical activity. Washing dishes, making beds, keeping the kid in their baby carriage and going for a quick jog—it all counts, and none of it requires skipping sleep.(为了在不牺牲睡眠的情况下保持活跃，诀窍可能是寻找非传统的锻炼方式。洗碗、铺床、把孩子放在婴儿车里、去慢跑——所有这些都很重要，它们都要求不睡觉。)”可知，作者讲到一些在不牺牲睡眠时间的情况下，进行适当锻炼的好方法，比如洗碗，铺床等，因此作者提倡可以通过做一些家务达到锻炼的目的，故选A。
D
In a former gold mine a mile underground, inside a titanium tank(钛储罐)filled with a rare liquified gas, scientists have begun the search for what so far has been unfindable: dark matter.
Scientists are trying to understand why the universe is not what it seems. One part of the mystery is dark matter, which has by far most of the mass in the universe. Astronomers know it’s there even though it’s nowhere to be seen, because when they measure the stars and other regular matter in galaxies, they find that there is not nearly enough gravity to hold them together. If nothing else was out there, galaxies would be quickly flying apart.
The race to solve this enormous mystery has brought one team to the depths under Lead, South Dakota.
The idea is that a mile of dirt and rock, a giant tank, a second tank and the purest titanium in the world will block nearly all the cosmic rays and particles (粒子) around us every day. But dark matter particles, scientists think, can avoid all those obstacles. They hope one will fly into the liquid xenon (疝气) in the inner tank and smash into a xenon nucleus (原子核), revealing its existence in a flash of light seen by a device called “the time projection chamber.”
Scientists announced Thursday that the five-year, $60 million search finally got underway two months ago after a delay caused by the pandemic. So far the device has found...nothing. At least no dark matter.
And if all their calculations and theories are right, they figure they’ll see only a couple signs of dark matter a year. By the time the experiment finishes, the chance of finding dark matter with this device is probably less than 50% but more than 10%.
While that’s far from a sure thing “you need a little enthusiasm,” said Kevin Lesko, a physicist at Lawrence Berkeley Naonal Laboratory. “You don’t go into rare search physics without some hope of finding something.”
These scientists tried to a similar, smaller experiment here years ago. After coming up empty, they figured they had to go much bigger. Another large-scale experiment is underway in Italy run by a rival team, but no results have been announced so far.
12. What do we know about dark matter?
A. It is a rare liquified gas.
B. It is invisible and hard to find.
C. It is unknown to scientists.
D. It is a form of gravity in the galaxies.
13. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The result of the experiment.
B. The design of the experiment.
C. The reason for conducting the experiment.
D. The importance of the experiment.
14. What can we learn about the experiment?
A. Its success is guaranteed.
B. It is almost finished.
C. It has been fruitless so far.
D. It is the first attempt in the field.
15. Which of the following might Kevin Lesko agree with?
A. Don’t count your chickens.
B. Two heads are better than one.
C. Strike while the iron is hot.
D. Every cloud has a silver lining.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了科学家们对暗物质的最新研究。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Astronomers know it’s there even though it’s nowhere to be seen, because when they measure the stars and other regular matter in galaxies, they find that there is not nearly enough gravity to hold them together. (天文学家知道它就在那里，尽管它在哪里都看不见，因为当他们测量星系中的恒星和其他规则物质时，他们发现没有足够的重力将它们连在一起)”可知，暗物质是看不见的，并且很难发现。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The idea is that a mile of dirt and rock, a giant tank, a second tank and the purest titanium in the world will block nearly all the cosmic rays and particles (粒子) around us every day. But dark matter particles, scientists think, can avoid all those obstacles. They hope one will fly into the liquid xenon (疝气) in the inner tank and smash into a xenon nucleus (原子核), revealing its existence in a flash of light seen by a device called “the time projection chamber.”(他们的想法是用一英里的泥土和岩石、一个巨大的水箱、第二个水箱和世界上最纯净的钛材料来阻挡我们周围每天几乎所有的宇宙射线和粒子。但科学家们认为，暗物质粒子可以避开所有这些障碍。他们希望有一架飞机能飞进内槽中的液态氙中，撞进氙核中，通过被称为“时间投射室”的设备看到的闪光，揭示出它的存在)”可知，主要介绍了科学家们的研究是如何设计的。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“So far the device has found… nothing.(到目前为止，该装置没有发现任何东西)”可知，到目前为止，该实验什么也没有发现，即没有任何结果。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Kevin Lesko所说的“You don’t go into rare search physics without some hope of finding something.(如果没有找到什么东西的希望，你就不能进入稀有物理搜索领域)”可知，Kevin Lesko认为如果我们有希望，总会有所发现。由此推知，他会同意“Every cloud has a silver lining.(黑暗中总有一线光明)”这个说法。故选D。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
How can you build trust when meeting strangers?
Say hello.
____16____. Approach a stranger that has caught your attention and say something along the lines of, “Hey, how’s the day going so far?” This alone can get a friendly conversation going. It will likely work best in an environment where social interaction is commonly expected.
____17____.
People approach one another because they assume that there will be a particular outcome. The our assumptions about someone affects how you interact with them. You’re more likely to build up ship if you spend more time listening to someone than waiting for them to fulfill your assumptions them. Focus on listening closely to people you’ve just met. ____18____.
Keep a positive attitude.
If you run into someone that does not warmly receive a friendly “Hello”, don’t let this ruin you. Remind yourself that most people are excited when someone breaks the ice. ____19____, note that ever reason they have for doing so has nothing to do with you. They may have just missed their chance. Reach out to someone else instead.
Talk to strangers daily.
Plenty of people are shy, if not fearful, of introducing themselves to strangers. ____20____. While it may feel awkward, fight through your block and make a point of introducing yourself to someone you don’t know every day.
A. Be ready to listen
B. Find common ground
C. Thinking about what you know about this person
D. The best way to get over this shyness is to ignore it
E. Doing so will help you get an accurate perspective on who they are quickly
F. When someone turns a cold shoulder to your attempts to start a conversation
G The quickest and surest way to befriend someone you don’t know is to simply say hello
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与陌生人建立信任。
【16题详解】
根据段落小标题“Say hello. (打招呼。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们要想和陌生人建立信任，你可以先和对方打招呼，G项意为“与你不认识的人交朋友最快、最可靠的方法就是简单地打个招呼。”选项内容符合段落主旨，告诉我们简单地打个招呼是与你不认识的人交朋友最快、最可靠的方法。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文关键句“You’re more likely to build up ship if you spend more time listening to someone than waiting for them to fulfill your assumptions them. (如果你花更多的时间听别人说话，而不是等待他们完成你的假设，那么你们更有可能建立信任。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们要想和陌生人建立信任，就要学会倾听对方说话，A项意为“准备好倾听。”选项内容能够概括段落主旨，下文解释了为什么要学会倾听。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文关键句“Focus on listening closely to people you’ve just met. (专注于倾听你刚刚认识的人说话。)”可知，上文告诉我们要学会倾听我们刚刚认识的人说话，E项意为“这样做将帮助你快速准确地了解他们是谁。”选项内容能够承接上文，解释了为什么要学会倾听我们刚刚认识的人说话，因为这样做将帮助你快速准确地了解他们。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据段落小标题“Keep a positive attitude. (保持积极的态度。)”和下文关键句“note that ever reason they have for doing so has nothing to do with you. (请注意，他们这样做的任何理由都与你无关。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们在与陌生人建立信任的过程中，我们要保持积极的态度，F项意为“当有人对你开始谈话的企图态度冷淡时”，选项内容能够引起下文，我们要保持积极的态度，当有人对你开始谈话的企图态度冷淡时，要记住他们这样做的任何理由都与你无关，不要因此难过。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文关键句“Plenty of people are shy, if not fearful, of introducing themselves to strangers. (很多人在向陌生人介绍自己时都很害羞，如果不是害怕的话。)”可知，上文介绍了很多人在向陌生人介绍自己时都很害羞的现象，D项意为“克服这种害羞的最好方法是忽略它。”，选项内容能够承接上文，如果我们在向陌生人介绍自己时感到害羞，那么克服这种害羞的最好方法是忽略它。故选D。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I decided to leave my home country of Iran to pursue a PhD in Canada, I hadn’t expected that communication would be an issue. In Farsi, I was a(n) ___21___ speaker. I had taken English lessons in my 20s and scored well on the English test for university ___22___.
But soon after my ___23___ in the English-speaking world, I realized how wrong I was. Now I had to be careful and deliberate. I needed to ___24___ follow the conversation. I needed to ___25___ it into my native language, reflect and generate thoughts and ideas in ___26___. Then I needed to find the right English words and put them in the right order to ___27___. I had a hard time remaining present and focused in ___28___, because I was constantly thinking about what I would say next. I gradually turned inward and ___29___, particularly when surrounded by native English speakers. And I worried about my future. After all, effective communication in English is ____30____ to being included and recognized in many ____31____ and professional operations.
Later, I ____32____ to say exactly what I meant in discussions over and over again. Suddenly, a simple idea ____33____ to me: why not ____34____ the discussion in writing, in an email to my colleagues? That small adjustment was a game changer, because writing gave me ____35____ to reflect and comfortably ____36____ my points in English.
I made a ____37____ of sitting at my computer and putting my Farsi thoughts into English words, taking my time to ____38____ clear sentences with accurate vocabulary and ____39____. With some efforts and a willing heart, I grew more ____40____ with oral communication, which revived my spirits.
21. A. concrete B. effective C. absurd D. considerate
22. A. research B. investigation C. project D. admission
23. A. travel B. sight C. arrival D. education
24. A. eventually B. fluently C. hardly D. consciously
25. A. translate B. break C. develop D. speak
26. A. relief B. vain C. response D. case
27. A. communicate B. spell C. apply D. stress
28. A. texts B. conversations C. conducts D. actions
29. A. passive B. delighted C. thrilled D. passionate
30. A. reasonable B. critical C. useless D. simple
31. A. brief B. rigid C. moral D. academic
32. A. paused B. donated C. failed D. declared
33. A. occurred B. objected C. referred D. adapted
34. A. put on B. contribute to C. get through D. set down
35. A. challenge B. time C. thought D. passion
36. A. seek B. accept C. convey D. persuade
37. A. program B. copy C. note D. practice
38. A. account B. discover C. make D. expose
39. A. pronunciation B. grammar C. plots D. characters
40. A. comfortable B. curious C. disappointed D. concerned
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者到加拿大攻读博士时，发现自己无法使用英语和别人有效沟通，通过写作的方法练习之后，最终对口头交流更加适应了。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：讲波斯语时，我是一个有效沟通的人。A. concrete具体的；B. effective有效的；C. absurd荒谬的；D. considerate体贴的。根据上文“When I decided to leave my home country of Iran to pursue a PhD in Canada, I hadn’t expected that communication would be an issue.”（当我决定离开我的祖国伊朗去加拿大攻读博士学位时，我没想到沟通会成为一个问题。）可知，作者从没想过到了加拿大，沟通会成为问题，因为在讲波斯语时，作者是一个可以有效沟通的人。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在20多岁的时候上过英语课，在大学入学的英语考试中取得了很好的成绩。A. research研究；B. investigation调查；C. project项目；D. admission入学。根据上文“scored well on the English test”（英语考试成绩很好）可推测，此处表示作者在大学入学考试中取得了好的成绩。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在我来到说英语的世界后不久，我意识到我错了。A. travel旅游；B. sight观光；C. arrival到达；D. education教育。根据上文“leave my home country of Iran to pursue a PhD in Canada”（离开我的祖国伊朗去加拿大攻读博士学位）可知，作者离开自己的祖国伊朗，到达说英语的国家加拿大。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我需要有意识地跟随对话内容。A. eventually最终；B. fluently流利地；C. randomly随机地；D. consciously有意识地。根据上文“Now I had to be careful and deliberate.”（现在我必须小心谨慎。）可知，作者现在必须小心谨慎，在和别人说话时，需要有意识地跟随别人的谈话思维。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要把它翻译成我的母语，思考并生成想法作为回应。A. translate翻译；B. break中断；C. develop发展；D. speak讲话。根据本句语境可知，作者不擅长说英语，需要将英语翻译为自己的母语，理解想法之后，用正确的英语表达自己的想法。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要把它翻译成我的母语，思考并生成想法作为回应。A. relief宽慰；B. vain徒劳；C. response回应；D. case案件。根据本句“I needed to translate it into my native language, reflect and generate thoughts and ideas”（我需要把它翻译成我的母语，思考并生成想法）可知，生成的想法是作为回应的。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我需要找到正确英语单词并把它们按正确的顺序排列去沟通。A. communicate沟通，传递想法；B. spell拼写；C. apply应用；D. stress强调。根据上文“find the right English words and put them in the right order”（找到正确的英语单词并把它们按正确的顺序排列）可知，这么做的目的是为了表达自己的想法，与别人沟通。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很难在谈话中集中精力、不游离，因为我一直在思考下一步要说什么。A. texts文本；B. conversations谈话；C. conducts行为；D. actions行动。根据后文“because I was constantly thinking about what I would say next”（因为我一直在思考下一步要说什么）可知，作者一直在思考下一步说什么，所以不能在谈话中集中精力。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我逐渐变得内向和消极，尤其是当周围都是以英语为母语的人时。A. passive消极的；B. delighted高兴的；C. thrilled激动的；C. passionate热情的。根据上文“I had a hard time remaining present and focused in conversation”（我很难在谈话中集中精力、不游离）可知，与别人使用英语交谈对于作者而言是困难的，所以他逐渐变得内向和消极。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，有效的英语沟通对于在许多学术和专业操作中被包括和认为是至关重要的。A. reasonable合理的；B. critical至关重要的；C. useless无用的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“And I worried about my future.”（我担心我的未来。）可知，作者因为语言问题担心将来，可推测英语对他的将来、对他的学业都是至关重要的。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，有效的英语沟通对于在许多学术和专业操作中被包括和认为是至关重要的。A. brief简短的；B. rigid死板的；C. moral道德的；D. academic学术的。根据上文“to pursue a PhD in Canada”（在加拿大攻读博士学位）可知，作者是来到加拿大是为了博士学业，所以此处表示学术环境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在一次又一次的讨论中，我没有说出我的确切意思。A. paused暂停；B. donated捐赠；C. failed失败；D. declared宣布。根据后文“Suddenly, a simple idea occurred to me: why not contribute to the discussion in writing, in an email to my colleagues?”（突然，我想到了一个简单的办法：为什么不把讨论记下来，发电子邮件给我的同事呢？）可知，作者还要想出方法，将自己想要表达的想法写下来，所以此处表示作者没能说出自己的确切意思，一次又一次参与讨论失败。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我想到了一个简单的办法：为什么不把讨论记下来，发电子邮件给我的同事呢？A. occurred发生；B. objected反对；C. referred提及；D. adapted改编。根据后文“why not contribute to the discussion in writing, in an email to my colleagues?”（为什么不把讨论记下来，发电子邮件给我的同事呢？）可知，作者想到了一个办法，而结构sth. occurs to sb.表示“某人突然想到某事”，符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，我想到了一个简单的办法：为什么不把讨论记下来，发电子邮件给我的同事？A. put on穿上；B. contribute to贡献；C. get through通过；D. set down写下。根据后文“because writing gave me time to reflect and comfortably convey my points in English.”（因为写作让我有时间用英语思考和轻松地表达我的观点。）可知，英文写作是能够让作者轻松思考，表达自己的观点的方式，所以此处作者想到的办法是将讨论记下来。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一小小的调整扭转了局面，因为写作让我有时间用英语思考和轻松地表达我的观点。A. challenge挑战；B. time时间；C. thought思考；D. passion激情。根据常识，与口头讨论相比，书面形式会有更多的时间进行思考，所以此处表示写作给了作者更多的时间思考。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一小小的调整扭转了局面，因为写作让我有时间用英语思考和轻松地表达我的观点。A. seek寻求；B. accept接受；C. convey表达；D. persuade说服。根据后文“my points”（我的观点）可知，此处表示作者通过写作表达自己的观点。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在电脑前操练，把我的波斯语想法转化成英语单词，花时间用准确的词汇和语法造句。A. program程序；B. copy副本；C. note注释；D. practice实践。根据后文“With some efforts and a willing heart, I grew more comfortable with oral communication”（通过一些努力和一颗乐意为之的心，我对口头交流变得更加自如。）可知，作者因为常常坐在电脑前，用写作的方式表达自己的观点，勤加练习终于能够更加舒适的参与口头对话了，故make a practice表示“操练”符合语境。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在电脑前操练，把我的波斯语想法转化成英语单词，花时间用准确的词汇和语法造句。A. account描述；B. discover发现；C. make制作；D. expose暴露。根据后文“clear sentences with accurate vocabulary and grammar.”（有准确的词汇和语法的清晰句子）可知，此处表示作者用准确的词汇和语法造句，可用make sentences表达。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在电脑前操练，把我的波斯语想法转化成英语单词，花时间用准确的词汇和语法造句。A. pronunciation发音；B. grammar语法；C. plots情节；D. characters字母。根据常识，造句子要使用准确的词汇和语法。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过一些努力和一颗乐意为之的心，我对口头交流变得更加自如，这使我精神振奋。A. comfortable舒适的；B. curious好奇的；C. disappointed失望的；D. concerned担心的。根据上文“because writing gave me time to reflect and comfortably convey my points in English”（因为写作让我有时间用英语思考和轻松地表达我的观点）可知，作者通过写作去交流，不断练习，最终对于口头交流变得更加舒适，自如。故选A项。
第II卷(非选择题 共50分)
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A material can be really special when it was named after the place where it ____41____ (create) originally. That’s certainly the case with “China”. And of all ____42____ (type) of China, white porcelain (瓷) is among the most famous.
Nowadays, the ____43____ (tradition) material has taken on a modern look in the ____44____ (hand) of four Chinese artists in the Modem White Porcelain Exhibition. And the key word here is “modern”. One of the works ____45____ (be) a porcelain boat. But look ____46____ (attentive) and you will see that the boat ____47____ (build) with porcelain looks like a takeout box. Inside the boat is a statue of a baby. The baby stands ____48____ humans and the boat is what supports life. It suggests we may have done some damage to ____49____ environment and that we’re treating life like fast food.
All the four artists gave white porcelain a model style, each in their own way. And this is what the exhibition’s theme comes from. It’s a dialogue between the past _____50_____ the present.
【答案】41. was created 42. types 43. traditional 44. hands 45. is 46. attentively 47. built 48. for 49. the 50. and
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的白瓷文化及在“现代白瓷展”上，白瓷作品向我们传递的环保理念。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：当材质以其最初创建的地方命名时，它可能会非常特别。根据句中“was named”和“originally”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，“it”代指“A material”，与“create”为被动关系，故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，“it”和“was”连用，“create”的过去分词为“created”，故空格处应填“was created”。故填was created。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：在所有类型的瓷器中，白瓷是最著名的。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作介词“of”的宾语，“type”意为“类型”，为可数名词，“all”后接可数名词复数，“type”的复数形式为“types”。故填types。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在，在“现代白瓷展”上，传统材料在四位中国艺术家手中呈现出现代感。分析句子可知，“material”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“tradition”为名词，对应的形容词为“traditional”，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：现在，在“现代白瓷展”上，传统材料在四位中国艺术家手中呈现出现代感。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作介词“in”的宾语，“hand”意为“手”，为可数名词，根据句中“four Chinese artists”可知，应用“hand”的复数形式为“hands”。故填hands。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：其中一件作品是一只瓷船。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“one of+可数名词复数”意为“……之一”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故“be”应转换为“is”。故填is。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：但是聚精会神地看，你会发现用瓷器建造的船看起来像一个外卖盒。分析句子可知，“look”为动词，空格处应用副词，作状语，“attentive”为形容词，对应的副词为“attentively”，意为“聚精会神地”。故填attentively。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但是聚精会神地看，你会发现用瓷器建造的船看起来像一个外卖盒。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“looks”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“boat”和“build”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“build”的过去分词“built”，作后置定语。故填built。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：婴儿代表人类，船是生命的支柱。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“stand for”，意为“代表”，故空格处应用介词“for”。故填for。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这表明我们可能对环境造成了一些损害，我们把生活当成快餐。分析句子可知，“environment”意为“环境”，名词词性，常与定冠词“the”连用，特指自然环境，生态环境。故填the。
【50题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这是过去和现在之间的对话。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“between…and…”，意为“在……和……之间”，故空格处应用连词“and”。故填and。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
After school today, I took a walk in the park, depressing and down. I have made considerable efforts win the talent contest, but I only finished fourth. Just while I was crying, a boy with glasses walked by. He was noticed me and came over. He played me a piece of Beethoven’s symphony with her mobile phone. Beside, he said Beethoven wrote it as his hearing grew much worst. Hearing his words, I was no longer in tears. I came to realize that if we put both our efforts into what we loved, we could create great things no matter how obstacles were in front of us. I was truly thankfully for his encouragement.
【答案】1.depressing→depressed 2.have→had 3.efforts后加to 4.删除was 5.her→his 6.Beside→Besides 7.worst→worse 8.both→all 9.how→what 10.thankfully→thankful
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了作者在选秀比赛中失利后，受到了一个小男孩的鼓励。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：今天放学后，我在公园散步，情绪低落。分析句子可知，此处用形容词作状语，修饰主语I，表示“感到沮丧的”，故用形容词depressed，故将depressing改为depressed。
2.考查动词时态。句意：我为赢得选秀比赛付出了很大努力，但我只获得了第四名。结合句意可知，make动作发生在finished的前面，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时，故将have改为had。
3.考查动词不定式。句意：我为赢得选秀比赛付出了很大努力，但我只获得了第四名。make efforts to do表示“努力做某事”，故用动词不定式形式，故在efforts后加to。
4.考查动词语态。句意：他注意到我就过来了。结合句意可知，he与notice之间是主动关系，故删除was。
5.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他用他的手机给我播放了一首贝多芬的交响曲。结合句意可知，此处指的是“他的手机”，故将her改为his。
6.考查副词。句意：此外，他说贝多芬是在他的听力越来越差的时候写的这首曲子。beside表示“在……旁边”，besides表示“此外”，结合句意可知，此处用besides，故将Beside改为Besides。
7.考查比较级。句意：此外，他说贝多芬是在他的听力越来越差的时候写的这首曲子。结合句意和much可知，此处用比较级，表示“越来越差”，故将worst改为worse。
8.考查代词。句意：我开始意识到，如果我们把所有的努力都投入到我们所爱的东西上，无论我们面前有什么障碍，我们都能创造出伟大的东西。结合句意可知，此处表示“所有的努力”，both表示“两者都”，all表示“三者及其三者以上，所有”，故将both改为all。
9.考查让步状语从句。句意：我开始意识到，如果我们把所有的努力都投入到我们所爱的东西上，无论我们面前有什么障碍，我们都能创造出伟大的东西。结合句意可知，此处表示“无论什么障碍”，故用no matter what，故将how改为what。
10.考查形容词。句意：我真的很感激他的鼓励。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作was的表语，表示“感激的”，故将thankfully改为thankful。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 某英文报社开展感恩活动，要求每位同学在日常生活中为父母做些家务。请你以“Housework”为题，根据下面图表信息，用英文写一篇短文。
注意：1．词数100左右; 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】 Housework is unavoidable for every family. Generally speaking, it is taken by our parents. They love us so much that they don’t usually ask us to do housework, but they are hard-working and feel tired after work, so we are supposed to help them as much as we can. As a student, we can still do some things at home. We can start with throwing rubbish. Also, it’s a good idea to help clean the room. Finally, we’d better form the habit of washing our own clothes. In my opinion, we can’t take it for granted that our parents should take all the housework, we should always give a helping hand whenever we can.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就家务问题写一篇英文短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不可避免的：unavoidable→ mandatory
尽可能多地：as much as we can→ as much as possible
应该：are supposed to→ should
此外： Also → In addition
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句1：As a student, we can still do some things at home.
拓展句1：As a student, there are still some things we can do at home.
【点睛】【高分句型1】They love us so much that they don’t usually ask us to do housework, but they are hard-working and feel tired after work, so we are supposed to help them as much as we can.（运用了结果状语从句）
【高分句型2】we can’t take it for granted that our parents should take all the housework, we should always give a helping hand whenever we can.（运用了时间状语从句和宾语从句）
