白水县2022〜2023学年度第一学期期末质量检测试题
高一英语
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(共15小题, 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文, 从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选岀最佳选项, 并在答题卡上 将该选项涂黑。
A
The Best Free Tourist Places in America
Alaska: Anchorage Market and Festival
Although Anchorage isn’t the capital of Alaska, it is the state’s largest city with the largest population. The Anchorage Market and Festival is open and free of charge on weekends. Anchorage is at the beginning of the Tony Knowles Coastal Trail, where walks can last between two hours and a half clay. It’s free, of course.
Arkansas : Walmart Museum
Lying in the northwest corner of Arkansas is Bentonville, which gave birth to a little mall you may have heard of. It’s Walmart, one of the biggest companies in the world at present. It is free to visit the Walmart Museum, which attracts thousands of visitors every year. And just outside the town is the well- known Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, which is also free.
Connecticut: Yale University
New Haven Connecticut was the first place in the U. S. to offer pizza to the hungry and the homeless , including students of Yale University. While in New Haven you can go on a tour of the campus(校 园), where many beautiful buildings have existed for a long time. It’s the university where President Bushes , Bill and Hillary Clinton Journalist Bob Woodward, and Samuel F. B. Morse studied.
Kansas: Santa Fe Trail
Western Kansas has very little light pollution. So as you travel along, stop once in a while and stare at the night sky. The Santa Fe Trail went through Kansas and you can still walk the longest remaining distance of the road just outside Dodge City.
1. What may especially attract visitors to Bentonville?
A. The chance to join interesting festivals. B. The chance to get trained in a large company.
C. The chance to get free pizza. D. The chance to get a good knowledge of Walmart.
2. What can people do in New Haven?
A. Play games with students of Yale. B. Appreciate old buildings.
C. Shake hands with famous people. D. Attend some free parties.
3. Which place is more attractive to those who enjoy the peaceful night sky?
A. Kansas. B. Bentonville. C. Anchorage. D. New Haven.
1. D 2. B 3. A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国最好的免费旅游胜地的基本情况。
1.细节理解题。根据Arkansas : Walmart Museum部分的“Lying in the northwest corner of Arkansas is Bentonville, which gave birth to a little mall you may have heard of. It’s Walmart, one of the biggest companies in the world at present. It is free to visit the Walmart Museum, which attracts thousands of visitors every year.（本顿维尔位于阿肯色州的西北角，这里孕育了一个你可能听说过的小商场。那就是沃尔玛，目前世界上最大的公司之一。沃尔玛博物馆是免费参观的，每年吸引了成千上万的游客。）”可知，目前世界上最大的公司之一沃尔玛位于Bentonville，在那里游客可以免费参观沃尔玛博物馆，从而了解沃尔玛公司。因此可知了解沃尔玛的机会可能会特别吸引游客到Bentonville。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据Connecticut: Yale University部分的“While in New Haven you can go on a tour of the campus (校园), where many beautiful buildings have existed for a long time.（而在纽黑文，你可以去参观校园，那里有许多美丽的建筑已经存在了很长时间。）”可知，在New Haven，游客可以参观耶鲁校园，欣赏古老的美丽建筑。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据Kansas: Santa Fe Trail部分的“Western Kansas has very little light pollution. So as you travel along, stop once in a while and stare at the night sky.（堪萨斯州西部几乎没有光污染。所以当你旅行的时候，偶尔停下来看看夜空。）”可知，Kansas对于那些喜欢宁静夜空的人来说，更有吸引力。故选A。
B
Teens are really good at ignoring(忽视)their parents’ messages, which is why Nick Herbert, a father from London, created an app called ReplyASAP.
Nick came up with the idea for ReplyASAP after realizing that simply giving his son a mobile phone didn’t make getting in touch with him easier. He wasn’t answering Nick’s messages as fast as Nick had expected. It was driving the father crazy, so he set out to create a messaging app that would make reaching kids easier for parents. It took eight months and a lot of money to complete the project, but Nick thinks Reply ASAP could really take off, as it is likely to give parents some peace of mind.
ReplyASAP is designed with parents in mind. It lets them know if their child has seen their message, or if their phone is turned off. However, most importantly, it makes it impossible for kids to ignore messages. When they receive a text from their parents, the app basically locks their phone, taking over the home screen and sounding an alarm until the message is answered.
It seems that ReplyASAP will become teenagers’ biggest nightmare(噩梦), by making it impossible to ignore their parents. Nick agrees that it’s a possibility, but adds that his app shouldn9 t be parents9 most important way of communicating with their children.
ReplyASAP is free to download (下载), but offers a series of plans, depending on how many people you are planning to get in touch with. It works only on Android now. But that’s only a short-term shortcoming(缺点), as Nick wants to make ReplyASAP be found on the Apple Store as soon as possible.
4. What drove Nick Herbert crazy?
A. Creating a messaging app.
B. Ignoring his parents9 messages.
C. His son not replying to him in time.
D. Not getting in touch with his friends.
5. For whom did Nick Herbert create Reply ASAP?
A. Parents. B. Kids. C. Teachers. D. Workers.
6. Why will ReplyASAP become teenagers’ biggest nightmare?
A. It works only on Android at present.
B. It’s impossible to ignore their parents.
C. It allows teenagers to fight with their parents.
D. It has a bad influence on their study.
7. What can we know from the text?
A. Children will study better with ReplyASAP.
B. People have to pay to download ReplyASAP.
C. Nick spent ten months completing ReplyASAP.
D. ReplyASAP can’t work on the Apple Store now.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，介绍一名父亲因为孩子经常没有及时回复消息，因而开发了一款名叫ReplyASAP手机软件，且介绍了这款软件。
4.细节理解题。根据第二段“He wasn’t answering Nick’s messages as fast as Nick had expected. It was driving the father crazy (他没有像Nick预期的那样快速回复Nick的短信。这让父亲发疯了)”可知，尼克的儿子没有像预期的那样及时回复尼克的短信，这让他发疯。故选C项。
5.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Reply ASAP is designed with parents in mind. (Reply ASAP是为父母而设计的。)”可知， Nick Herbert为父母们创建了Reply ASAP。故选A项。
6.细节理解题。根据第四段中“It seems that ReplyASAP will become teenagers’ biggest nightmare(噩梦), by making it impossible to ignore their parents. (看来，ReplyASAP让青少年不可能忽视父母，将成为他们最大的噩梦)”可知，ReplyASAP会成为青少年最大的噩梦的原因是忽略他们的父母是不可能的，故选B项。
7.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It works only on Android now. But that’s only a short-term shortcoming(缺点), as Nick wants to make ReplyASAP be found on the Apple Store as soon as possible. (它现在只在Android上起作用。但这只是一个短期的缺点，因为尼克想尽快在苹果商店找到ReplySAP)”可知，ReplyASAP只能在安卓设备上使用，现在无法在苹果应用上运行，故选D项。
C
Wolves once ranged over most of North America. But they were nearly wiped out by the early 20th century in the neighbor U. S. by widespread hunting and trapping. Much of them were funded by government , and only a small population were hanging on in the Great Lakes region. They were put on the Endangered Species List in the 1970s, and in 1995 and 1996 the federal government reintroduced wolves to Yellowstone National Park and Idaho. But wolves still don’t have stable numbers in Colorado. Voters narrowly(勉强地)approved a proposal, giving the way for gray wolves to be reintroduced into Colorado, where they nearly died out by the 1940s.
Colorado Parks and Wildlife will lead the effort to establish a sustainable (可持续的)population of the animals in the western part of the state, beginning in 2022 or 2023. The Southern Rocky Mountains contain millions of acres of suitable habitat land that could support several hundred wolves or more, biologists say.
Those who were against the proposal admitted they lost, but the vote was close. As of Thursday afternoon, with 90 percent of the votes in, there were 1,495,523 votes for and 1,475,235 against. “Reintroducing wolves will help thin out sick animals, keeping healthy populations of deer, and thus protecting the grass and reducing erosion (土壤侵蚀). ”says Jonathan Proctor.
People in rural areas are against the reintroduction proposal, including farmers, who worry that wolves will kill their cattle. Many don’t agree to leave the question of reintroduction to voters.
Supporters point to the successful reintroduction of wolves to the Northern Rockies in the 1990s, where only one in 10, 000 cattle in wolf-occupied counties is killed by the hunters, Proctor says. The Colorado proposal will also fund a program to make up for the farm animals being killed.
8. What’s the function of Paragraph 1?
A. Finding typical examples.
B. Introducing wildlife research.
C. Giving the reason for the proposal.
D. Discussing the numbers about migration.
9. The local farmers are against the reintroduction proposal because they think the wolves will ___________.
A. kill their cattle B. cause erosion
C. thin out sick animals D. protect the grass
10. What is the purpose of reintroducing wolves?
A. To increase the farmers’ interests.
B. To keep Colorado’s natural balance.
C. To contribute to gradual soil erosion.
D. To cause concern about the climate change.
11. What will the local farmers get from the proposal?
A. Suggestions from biologists.
B. Extra fund for losing farm animals.
C. Knowledge of raising farm animals.
D. The right to reclaim their valuable land.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于广泛的捕猎和诱捕，导致狼的数量急剧减少，因此美国科罗拉多州颁布一项提案，重新引入灰狼，以保持当地的自然平衡。
8.推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Wolves once ranged over most of North America. But they were nearly wiped out by the early 20th century in the neighbor U. S. by widespread hunting and trapping. Much of them were funded by government , and only a small population were hanging on in the Great Lakes region. They were put on the Endangered Species List in the 1970s, and in 1995 and 1996 the federal government reintroduced wolves to Yellowstone National Park and Idaho. But wolves still don’t have stable numbers in Colorado.”(狼曾经遍布北美大部分地区。但到20世纪初，由于广泛的狩猎和诱捕，它们在邻国美国几乎灭绝。其中大部分是由政府资助的，只有一小部分人在五大湖地区继续生存。它们在20世纪70年代被列入濒危物种名单，1995年和1996年，联邦政府将狼重新引入黄石国家公园和爱达荷州。但在科罗拉多州，狼的数量仍然不稳定。)可知，第一段陈述了由于广泛的捕猎和诱捕，狼的数量急剧减少，在20世纪70年代被列入濒危物种名单；再根据第一段关键句“Voters narrowly (勉强地) approved a proposal, giving the way for gray wolves to be reintroduced into Colorado, where they nearly died out by the 1940s.”（选民们以微弱优势通过了一项提案，为灰狼重新引入科罗拉多州铺平了道路，在20世纪40年代，灰狼几乎在科罗拉多州灭绝。）可知，后文介绍了正是因为狼的数量急剧减少，所以选民们通过了一项提案，将灰狼重新引入科罗拉多州，接下来的段落里介绍了提案的好处和人们对提案的看法，由此可知，第1段的作用是给出提案被提出的原因。故选C项。
9.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“People in rural areas are against the reintroduction proposal, including farmers, who worry that wolves will kill their cattle.”（农村地区的人们反对这项重新引入的提议，包括农民，他们担心狼会杀死他们的牛。）可知，当地的农民反对重新引进狼群的提议，因为他们认为这是狼群会杀死他们的牛。故选A。
10.推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“‘Reintroducing wolves will help thin out sick animals, keeping healthy populations of deer, and thus protecting the grass and reducing erosion (土壤侵蚀).” says Jonathan Proctor.”（乔纳森·普罗克特说：“重新引入狼将有助于减少生病的动物，保持健康的鹿群的数量，从而保护草地，减少土壤侵蚀”。）可知，重新引入狼可以减少生病的动物，从而保护草地，减少土壤侵蚀，这将会对保持科罗拉多州的自然平衡有利，由此可知，重新引入狼的目的是保持科罗拉多州的自然平衡。故选B项。
11.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“People in rural areas are against the reintroduction proposal, including farmers, who worry that wolves will kill their cattle.”（农村地区的人们反对这项重新引入的提议，包括农民，他们担心狼会杀死他们的牛。）和最后一段关键句“The Colorado proposal will also fund a program to make up for the farm animals being killed.”（科罗拉多州的提案还将为一项计划提供资金，以补偿被杀的农场动物。）可知，农民担心狼会杀死他们的牛，反对这项提案，因此，这项提案还将为一项计划提供资金，以补偿被杀的农场动物，由此可知，当地农民将从该提案中得到因损失农场动物获得的额外资金。故选B项。
D
Music comes in many forms, and most countries have a style of their own. The US is well known for jazz(爵士乐), which has gained world-wide popularity.
In contrast to classical(古典的)music, which follows formal European traditions, jazz is natural and free-form. It is full of energy, expressing the moods, interests, and feelings of the people. It has a modern sound that makes people very excited. In the 1920s jazz sounded like America. And So it does today.
The origins of this music are as interesting as the music itself. Jazz was produced by American blacks, who were brought to the Southern States as slaves. They were sold to plantation owners(种植园 主)and forced to work long hours in the cotton and tobacco fields. This work was hard and life was short. When a Negro died, his friends and relatives formed a group to carry the body to the cemetery.
A band often went with them. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow and sad music. But on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Everybody was happy. Death had removed one of their members, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music, which made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.
Music has always been important in their lives. Coming mainly from West Africa, the black men who were brought to America already possessed a rich musical tradition. This music centered on religious ceremonies (宗教的仪式) in which dancing, singing, clapping and stamping(顿足)to the beat of a drum were important forms of musical expression. As these people settled in to their fields, they made up work songs. Singing made the hard work go faster.
Another musical form that helped to develop jazz was the blues. Blues songs always describe something sad—an unhappy love affair, a money problem, bad luck. To this clay, the expression “feeling blue” means being sad.
12. Through jazz, people can express ______________.
A. their moods B. their feelings
C. their interests D. all the above
13. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Jazz follows European traditions.
B. Jazz always describes something sad.
C. Jazz was first produced by black slaves.
D. Blues made the hard work of those slaves go faster.
14. The underlined sentence “Spirits lilted” meant that ______________.
A. everybody became happy
B. everybody was still in a sad mood
C. everybody was feeling blue
D. people’s souls went to the heaven
15. What should be the best tide for this passage?
A. A Light Music
B. Black Men’s Music
C. The Origin of the Jazz Music
D. The Popular Music—Jazz in the U. S. A.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了爵士乐的起源。
12.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It is full of energy, expressing the moods, interests, and feelings of the people. (它充满活力，表达人们的情绪、兴趣和感情)”可知，通过爵士乐，人们可以表达他们的情绪、感情和兴趣。故选D项。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Jazz was produced by American blacks, who were brought to the Southern States as slaves.( 爵士乐是由美国黑人创造的，他们被作为奴隶带到南方各州。)”可知，爵士乐是美国黑人奴隶最初创作的。故选C项。
14.词句猜测题。通过文章画线句上文中的“On the way to the cemetery the band played slow and sad music. (在去墓地的路上，乐队演奏着缓慢而悲伤的音乐。)”和“But on the way home the mood changed. (但在回家的路上，气氛发生了变化。)”以及下文中的“The band played happy music , which made everyone want to dance. (乐队演奏着快乐的音乐，这使每个人都想跳舞。)”可知，乐队的心情变了，演奏的音乐也从悲伤的变成了欢快的，从而推知，画线句“Spirits lifted”的意思为“每个人都高兴起来了”。故选A项。
15.主旨大意题。根据文章首段“The US is well known for jazz(爵士乐), which has gained world-wide popularity. (美国以爵士乐闻名于世，享誉世界。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是爵士乐的由来。C项“The Origin of the Jazz Music (爵士乐的起源)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题,每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
Some people learn a second language easily. Other people have trouble learning a new language. How can you help yourself learn a new language such as English? _____16_____.
♦ Be patient.
_____17_____. It is natural for you to make mistakes when you learn something new. We can learn from our mistakes.
♦Practice your English.
For example, write in a journal every day. ____18____, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English. After several weeks, you will see that your writing is improving. Besides, you must speak English every clay. You can practice with your classmates outside class. You will always make mistakes, but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.
♦_____19_____ .
Be confident and positive about learning English and believe that you can do it. If you believe that you can learn, you will learn.
♦Keep a record of your language learning.
After each class, think about what you did. Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? _____20_____, but you tried to understand it. Write these achievements in your journal. It is important to practice every clay and make a record of your achievements. You will enjoy learning English, and you will have more confidence in yourself.
A. Feel confident about learning English
B. Be patient with your study and you do not have to understand everything all at once
C. Perhaps the lesson was difficult
D. Making mistakes is an unavoidable part in your life
E. Share your achievement with your parents and friends
F. You will get used to writing in English
G. The following are several tips to make learning English a little easier
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了学习英语更容易更有趣的方法，要有耐心，勤加练习，要有信心，记录学习成就。
16.根据上文“How can you help yourself learn a new language, such as English?(你如何帮助自己学习一门新的语言，例如英语？)”以及下文介绍了几种学习英语的方法可知，空处需要说明学习英语是有方法的，G项“以下是让学习英语更容易一些的一些技巧。”符合题意，承上启下。故选G。
17.根据标题“Be patient(有耐心)”以及下文“It is natural for you to make mistakes when you learn something new. We can learn from our mistakes.(当你学习新东西时，对你而言犯错误是自然的。我们可以从错误中学习)”可知，本段建议要有耐心，不要害怕犯错误，当你学习新东西，犯错误是很自然的，我们可以从错误中学习。B项“耐心地对待你的学习，你不必同时理解所有的事情”符合题意，选项中的Be patient呼应标题，“do not have to understand everything”呼应下文的“make mistakes”。故选B
18.根据标题“Practice your English(练习你的英语)”，前文“For example, write in a journal every day.(例如，每天写日记。)”和后文“and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English(你将会感觉用英语表达你的想法是舒适的)”可知，你需要练习英语，可以用英语写日记，你会感觉到用英语表达是舒适的。因此推断F项“你将习惯用英语书写”符合题意，承上启下，呼应本段小标题“Practice your English.(练习你的英语)”。故选F。
19.空处为本段小标题。根据后文“Be confident and positive about learning English and believe that you can do it. If you believe that you can learn, you will learn.(要自信、积极地学习英语，相信你能做到。如果你相信你能学会，那么你就会学会)”可知，本段建议我们对自己有信心。A项“对学习英语有信心”符合题意。故选A。
20.根据上文“After each class, think about what you did. Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained?(每节课后，想想你都做了什么。你答对问题了吗？你明白老师解释的什么吗？)”和下文“but you tried to understand it.(但是你要努力去理解它)”可知，每节课后反思一下，问自己一些问题，but表示与前文是转折关系，努力去理解说明可能会困难，因此推断C项“也许课程是困难的”符合语境。故选C。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳 选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Years ago, I had a fling-out with a friend due to a misunderstanding that was completely my fault. I was___21___to admit that I was wrong, so we didn’t speak for years. Then we came across each other, which was so___22___. I felt forced to apologize for my ___23___years earlier.
My experience isn't unique. Many people ___24___ apologizing because the idea of admitting to wrongdoing makes them ___25___ uncomfortable. Apologies force us to admit to ourselves that we don’t always ____26____our own standards. We might also fear that the victim（受害者）won’t___27___our apology. We all like to ___28___ourselves as good people-kind, and considerate people. For these ___29___, an apology can be very difficult to give.
Given my experience, there is no ___30___ that an apology is an important tool for ___31___ a relationship to make it functional again. Usually, a（n） ___32___apology is needed. But if the victim is angry at the wrong behavior, it may be more ___33___ to wait, because their___34___ may stop them from accepting our apologies. Also a delay ___35___ an apology’s effectiveness because it conveys that the offender has time to reflect on his/her ___36___ . But a heartfelt apology has more powerful effects, which can improve our mental health and repair our ___37___ personal relationships. ___38___ , expressing regret is important. Without regret, you won’t truly reflect on your mistake.
My friend and I get on well after my delayed apology. Admitting that everything had been my fault ____39____us heal our relationship. We’re both ___40___to have our friendship today.
21. A. bored B. excited C. afraid D. happy
22. A. pleasant B. embarrassing C. romantic D. wise
23. A. comment B. promise C. transport D. behavior
24. A. allow B. avoid C. appreciate D. advise
25. A. selflessly B. sincerely C. slowly D. terribly
26. A. go back to B. look up to C. give way to D. live up to
27. A. accept B. analyze C. exchange D. check
28. A. serve B. regard C. present D. help
29. A. reasons B. contents C. plans D. examples
30. A. need B. sense C. doubt D. use
31. A. explaining B. rebuilding C. eating D. practicing
32. A. frequent B. regular C. immediate D. unfair
33. A. convenient B. effective C. adventurous D. inspiring
34. A. happiness B. curiosity C. anger D. success
35. A. discovers B. records C. reduces D. increases
36. A. faults B. achievements C. rewards D. votes
37. A. damaged B. charged C. required D. disabled
38. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. However
39. A. helped B. treated C. received D. refused
40. A. strict B. cautious C. regretful D. grateful
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者多年前因为自己的错误和朋友吵了一架，但是因为作者不敢道歉导致两人很多年没有说话；到后来作者向朋友为自己的行为而道歉。作者在文中分析了人们不愿意道歉的原因，以及道歉的重要性。
21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我害怕承认我错了，所以我们很久没有说话。A. bored无聊的；B. excited兴奋的；C. afraid害怕的；D. happy高兴的。由上文的“a misunderstanding that was completely my fault”和下文的“so we didn’t speak for years”，可知明明是作者的错误，但作者和朋友多年未说话，可得出作者害怕承认自己的错误。故选C项。
22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我们相遇了，这太尴尬了。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. wise明智的。由上文的“a misunderstanding that was completely my fault”和“so we didn’t speak for years”，可知明明是作者的错误，但作者和朋友多年未说话，所以见面时，作者会觉得尴尬。故选B项。
23.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得不得不为我多年前的行为道歉。A. comment评论；B. promise承诺；C.transport运输；D. behavior行为。由上文语境和上文的“I felt forced to apologize”可知，自从（因为自己的错）上次闹翻以后，作者和朋友多年未说话，见面时，作者自己觉得尴尬，所以作者为许多年前自己的错误行为道歉。故选D项。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人避免道歉，因为承认错误的想法会让他们非常不舒服。A. allow允许；B. avoid避免；C. appreciate 欣赏；D. advise建议。由下文的“the idea of admitting to wrongdoing makes them ____5____ uncomfortable”可知，承认错误的想法会让他们非常不舒服，所以很多人避免道歉。故选B项。
25.考查副词词义辨析。句意：很多人避免道歉，因为承认错误的想法会让他们非常不舒服。A. selflessly无私地；B. sincerely真诚地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. terribly非常、糟糕地。由本处的“the idea of admitting to wrongdoing makes them ____5____ uncomfortable”可知，承认错误的想法让他们感到非常不舒服。故选D项。
26.考查动词短语辨析。句意：道歉迫使我们承认我们并不总是达到自己的标准。A. go back to回去；B. look up to尊敬；C. give way to让位于；D. live up to达到、符合、不辜负。由下文的“our own standards”可知，此处指道歉会让我们觉得自己做错了，我们并不总是能达到自己的标准。故选D项。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们也可能担心受害者不会接受我们的道歉。A. accept接受；B. analyze分析；C. exchange交换；D. check检查。由上文的“We might also fear that the victim”和常识可知，人们不道歉还因为担心对方不会接受自己的道歉。故选A项。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都喜欢把自己看作善良、体贴的人。A. serve服务；B. regard当作；C. present展示；D. help帮助。由下文的“ourselves as good people—kind, and considerate people”可知，此处指把自己看作好人，regard…as… “把……看作……”。故选B项。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于这些原因，道歉是非常困难的。A. reasons原因；B. contents目录；C. plans计划；D. examples例子。由上文内容可知，上文主要分析了人们不愿意道歉的原因。故选A项。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据我的经验，毫无疑问，道歉是重建一段关系的重要工具，使之再次发挥作用。A. need需要；B. sense感觉；C. doubt怀疑；D. use用法。由下文的“My friend and I get on well after my delayed apology.”可知，道歉后作者和朋友关系变好了，可得出作者根据自己的经历，得出结论：道歉是重建关系的重要工具，there is no doubt that +从句(毫无疑问、得出结论……)。故选C项。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据我的经验，毫无疑问，道歉是重建一段关系的重要工具，使之再次发挥作用。A. explaining解释；B. rebuilding重建；C. eating吃；D. practicing练习。由上文语境和下文的“My friend and I get on well after my delayed apology.”可知，明明是作者的错误，但作者和朋友多年未说话，关系变差，道歉后作者和朋友关系变好了，说明道歉能帮助重建一段关系。故选B项。
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，需要立即道歉，但如果受害者对错误的行为感到愤怒，等待可能更有效，因为他们的愤怒可能会阻止他们接受我们的道歉。A. frequent频繁的；B. regular有规律的；C. immediate立即的；D.unfair不公平的。由下文语境可知，此处与下文的“wait”形成对比，指“立即道歉”。故选C项。
33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，需要立即道歉，但如果受害者对错误的行为感到愤怒，等待可能更有效，因为他们的愤怒可能会阻止他们接受我们的道歉。A. convenient方便的；B. effective有效的；C. adventurous大胆的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。由下文的“because their ____14____ may stop them from accepting our apologies”可知，如果受害者生气了，他们的愤怒可能会阻止他们接受我们的道歉，立即道歉并不合适，这时等待会更有效。故选B项。
34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，需要立即道歉，但如果受害者对错误的行为感到愤怒，等待可能更有效，因为他们的愤怒可能会阻止他们接受我们的道歉。A.happiness快乐；B. curiosity好奇心；C. anger愤怒；D. success成功。由上文的“the victim is angry at the wrong behavior”可知，如果受害者生气了，立即道歉并不合适，等待会更有效，这是因为他们心中的怒气阻止他们接受我们的道歉。故选C项。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：延迟道歉也会增加道歉的效果，因为这样冒犯者就有时间反思他或她的错误。A. discovers发现；B. records记录；C.reduces减少；D. increases增加。由上文语境和下文的“an apology’s effectiveness”可知，如果受害者生气了，立即道歉并不合适，等待（延迟道歉）会更有效，可得出等待和延迟道歉会增加道歉的效果。故选D项。
36.考查名词词义辨析。句意：延迟道歉也会增加道歉的效果，因为这样冒犯者就有时间反思他或她的错误。A. faults错误、罪行；B. achievements成就；C.rewards报酬；D. votes投票。由上文的“the offender has time to reflect on his / her”可知，此处指冒犯者反思自己的错误。故选A项。
37.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是发自内心的道歉会产生更大的效果，这可以改善我们的心理健康，修复我们受损的人际关系。A. damaged损坏；B. charged要价；索价；C. required需要；D. disabled使失去能力。由常识可知，道歉是为了修复受损的人际关系。故选A项。
38.考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，表达后悔也是至关重要的。A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. Meanwhile同时；D. However然而。由全文语境可知，道歉很重要，同时表达后悔也很重要。故选C项。
39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：承认一切都是我的错有助于我们修复关系。A. helped帮助；B. treated治疗；C. received接收；D. refused拒绝。由上文的“My friend and I get on well after my delayed apology.”可知，道歉后作者和朋友关系变好了，说明道歉能帮助修复一段关系。故选A项。
40.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都很感激今天的友谊。A.strict严格的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. regretful后悔的；D. grateful感激的。由上文语境可知，作者为多年前自己的错误行为道歉，修复了和朋友的关系，所以都很感激今天拥有的友谊。故选D项。
第二节语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在答题卡相应位置处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells (水井)rose and ____41____( fall). Deep cracks appeared in the well walls. Chickens and even pigs ____42____( be ) too nervous to eat and fish jumped out of the water. Dogs refused to go inside the buildings. At 3 : 42 a. m, everything began to shake. In a moment, the city lay in ruins. A huge crack cut across houses, roads, ____43____ waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. More than 400, 000____44____(person) were killed or badly injured in the quake.
As ____45____ result, thousands of children were left without parents.
Later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again, which made more buildings fall down. People found water, food, and electricity hard ____46____(get) and wondered how long the disaster would last. But hope was not lost. ____47____(luck), 150, 000 soldiers and more than 10, 000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Water and food ____48____ (bring) into the city by train, truck, and plane. Besides, workers built shelters for survivors (幸存者) ____49____ homes had been destroyed. Slowly, Tangshan started to recover _____50_____ (it) and breathe again.
41. fell 42. were 43. and 44. persons 45. a 46. to get 47. Luckily 48. were brought 49. whose 50. itself
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是河北唐山地震发生的经过。
41.考查动词的时态。句意：几天来，村里水井里的水涨了又落。分析句子的结构可知，and在句中表示并列，故设空处和and前面的“rose”（上升）为并列谓语，时态可知为一般过去时。故填fell。
42.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：鸡和猪都太紧张而不敢吃东西，鱼也从水里跳出来。文章讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语Chickens and even pigs是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填were。
43.考查连词。句意：一条巨大的裂缝穿过房屋、道路和水道。根据句意，前后文是并列关系，故填and。
44.考查名词。句意：在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过40万。More than 400000修饰用复数persons，作主语，故填persons。
45.考查冠词。句意：结果，成千上万的儿童失去了父母。As a result“结果”，是固定短语，故填a。
46.考查非谓语动词。句意：人们发现水、食物和电很难得到，想知道这场灾难将持续多长时间。句子谓语动词是found，设空处在句中作非谓语，find sth.+形容词+to do意为“发现做某事是……”，此处“water, food , and electricity”是动词get的宾语。故填to get。
47.考查副词作状语。句意：幸运的是，15万名士兵和1万多名医生和护士前来提供医疗服务。用副词作状语修饰整个句子，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Luckily。
48.考查动词时态语态。句意：水和食物由火车、卡车和飞机运入城市。Bring是谓语动词，与主语Water and food是被动关系，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填were brought。
49.考查定语从句。句意：此外，工人们还为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰survivors，从句中与homes是所属关系，用关系代词whose作定语。故填whose。
50.考查反身代词。句意：慢慢地，唐山开始苏醒，重新呼吸。设空处的it指代的是主语Tangshan，应用反身代词。故填itself。
第四部分：写作(共两节, 满分35分) 第一节短文改错(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
51.The modern Olympic Games are biggest sports meeting in the world, that include 2 sets of Games, the Winter and the Summer Olympics. All are held every 4 years. All countries can took part. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their events will be admit as competitors. Women are not only allowed to join in but plays a very important role in many events. The special village is built for the competitors to living in. A great number of building such as stadiums, swimming pools and gymnasiums are built for competitions. It’s a great responsible and honor to host the Olympics. Although the olive wreath has been replaced by medals, but the motto of the Olympics is still Swifter, Higher, and Stronger.
第一处：在are后加the 第二处：that→ which 第三处：All→ Both 第四处：took→ take
第五处：admit→ admitted 第六处：plays→ play 第七处：living→ live 第八处：building→buildings 第九处：responsible→responsibility 第十处：去掉but
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现代奥运会的内容，规定，建筑设施和口号等。
【详解】第一处：考查冠词。句意：现代奥运会是世界上最大的体育盛会，包括冬季奥运会和夏季奥运会。分析可知，形容词最高级前应有定冠词the修饰，故在are后加the。
第二处：考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代上文的先行词The modern Olympic Games在从句中做主语，应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。
第三处：考查不定代词。句意：两者都是每4年举办一次。这里指的是the Winter和the Summer Olympics两者，故All改为Both。
第四处：考查动词。句意：所有国家都可以参加。情态动词can后应用动词原形，故took改为take。
第五处：考查动词语态。句意：只有达到各自项目标准的运动员才会被允许参赛。分析可知，本句为一般将来时的被动语态，故admit改为admitted。
第六处：考查动词。句意：妇女不仅被允许参加，而且在许多活动中扮演着非常重要的角色。play的主语是women，且陈述客观事实，故谓语动词用原形。故plays改为play。
第七处：考查动词。句意：这个特殊的村庄是为参赛者建造的。for sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，to为不定式标志，后接动词原形，故living改为live。
第八处：考查名词的数。句意：大量的建筑，如体育场、游泳池和体育馆是为比赛而建的。A great number of修饰可数名词复数，故building改为buildings。
第九处：考查名词。句意：主办奥运会是一项重大的责任和荣誉。前面有冠词a修饰，应用名词形式responsiblity作表语，故responsible改为responsibility。
第十处：考查连词。句意：虽然奖牌取代了橄榄花环，但奥运会的口号仍然是“更快、更高、更强”。Although引导的让步状语从句，不能再用but连接，故去掉but。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 最近你市发现了一处唐文化遗址。是否应当开发？人们展开了激烈的讨论。假如你是一名记者，请就此写一篇100词左右的报道，并发表自己的看法。
赞成开发 | 应开发利用以吸引更多的游客来旅游观光 |
反对开发 | 应保持原样，妥善保护，以免遭人为破坏 |
你的观点 | …… |
参考词汇：开发 explore 旅游业 tourism
注意事项：1. 不可逐条翻译；2. 可适当增加细节；3. 书写要流利、规范；
4. 文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Recently, citizens in our city have had a heated debate on whether we should explore the cultural site, which was discovered in our city.
Some people are in favor of the idea. They think the cultural site is worth exploring, making people learn more about the long history of our country. What’s more, this cultural site can attract more visitors to our city, which will improve our tourism.However, others hold an opposite opinion, thinking that we should keep it as it is and protect it properly. Only in this way can it not be destroyed by people.
As far as I’m concerned, we should ask the experts for advice to find a better way to make good use of this cultural site.
